非洲菊園內常用藥劑對非洲菊斑潛蠅(Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess))（雙翅目：潛蠅科）兩種寄生蜂（膜翅目：釉小蜂科）之影響

The Effect of Common Insecticides on Two Parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) of Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) (Diptera: Agromyzidae)

錢景秦(Ching-Chin Chien) ； 古琇芷(Shiu-Chih Ku) ； 張淑貞(Shu-Chen Chang)

《台灣昆蟲》 27卷4期 (2007/12) Pp. 277-292

https://doi.org/10.6661/TESFE.2007022

摘要

異角釉小蜂 (Hemiptarsenus varicornis (Girault)) 與華釉小蜂 (Neochrysocharis formosa (Westwood))是非洲菊斑潛蠅(Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess))本地種之重要寄生蜂。本文以浸漬帶有寄生蜂或僅帶有寄主豆葉之方法於室內測試六種藥劑（培丹、硫賜安、三落松、白粉松、阿巴汀及賽滅淨）對兩種寄生蜂未成熟期與成蟲期之毒害。結果得知寄生蜂間對藥劑種類具相似之感受性，其中對寄生蜂影響最毒之藥劑為培丹、硫賜安及三落松，其次者為白粉松，再次者為阿巴汀，至於賽滅淨則對寄生蜂毒害最低。藥劑對成蟲期之毒害大於未成熟期。除三落松對兩種寄生蜂之毒害程度相似外，其他五種藥劑對異角釉小蜂之毒害均大於華釉小蜂。藥劑與寄生蜂並用對斑潛蠅的致死率，比單獨用異角釉小蜂與華釉小蜂各增加10.9~11.1與30.6~30.8%。賽滅淨與兩種寄生蜂間相容性較大，慎選賽滅淨防治非洲菊斑潛蠅，異角釉小蜂與華釉小蜂即可獲得較佳的保育。文中尚建議非洲菊園內病、蟲及蟎害之綜合防治策略。

關鍵字

非洲菊斑潛蠅 ； 異角釉小蜂 ； 華釉小蜂 ； 藥劑 ； 蟲期

並列摘要

In Taiwan Hemiptarsenus varicornis (Girault) and Neochrysocharis Formosa (Westwood) are important native parasitoids of Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess). Seedlings of field bean with either parasitoid or L. trifolii were used to study the effects of six insecticides (cartap, thiocyclam, triazophos, pyrazophos, abamectin, and cyromazine) on the different life stages of parasitoids by dipping method in the laboratory. The results showed that the susceptibility to insecticides were similar for both parasitoids. The most toxic insecticides were cartap, thiocyclam and triazophos, followed by pyrazophos, abamectin and cyromazine. The adult stage was more vulnerable to the tested insecticides than the immature stages. N. formosa was generally more tolerant to five of the insecticides tested than H. varicornis, but the susceptibility of both parasitoids to triazophos was similar. When comparing the use of only one of the parasitoids with the combination of both parasitoid and insecticide, the percentage of hosts killed by applying the parasitoid and the insecticide simultaneously increased 10.9~11.1 and 30.6~30.8% for H. varicornis and N. formosa, respectively. The results of this study suggest that cyromazine can conserve parasitoids and could be incorporated into L. trifolii control programs. Strategies for integrated management of disease, pests and mites on Gerbera jamesonii Bolues ex Hook. F. were also discussed.

並列關鍵字

Liriomyza trifolii ； Hemiptarsenus varicornis ； Neochrysocharis formosa ； insecticides ； stages