不同定溫下菜蚜（半翅目：常蚜科）於蘿蔔上之生命表

於實驗室中以蘿蔔苗(Raphanus sativus L.)分別在六個定溫(5、10、15、20、25及30±1℃)、70-80%RH及光週期12L:12D生長箱條件下，探討溫度對菜蚜(Brevicoryne brassicae (L.))若蚜發育時間、成蚜壽命、生殖力及族群介量等之影響。結果顯示若蚜於30℃下無法存活，5~25℃下若蚜發育時間由5℃的72.3天縮短至25℃的9.1天。根據5~25℃的發育速率與溫度的直線迴歸方程式，估算未成熟期的發育臨界低溫為2.2℃，總積溫為198.8度日(DD,degree-days)。在5℃時成蚜壽命最短（6.3天）且母蚜未能產子代，成蚜壽命由10℃的16.9天縮短至25℃的7.8天。成蚜繁殖率以15℃時產約23子代／♀，明顯高於其他溫度。內在增殖率(rm)以10℃的0.052子代／♀/天為最小﹔25℃的0.138子代／♀/天為最大。15℃下的族群具有最高淨增殖率(R0)為18.8（子代／♀）。平均世代時間(GT)隨著溫度升高而由10℃的40.6天縮短至25℃的14.5天。5~25℃下若蚜出生到母蚜死亡整個生命週期約15~78天，受溫度影響於高溫下生命週期明顯縮短。

關鍵字

菜蚜；族群介量；發育；溫度；蘿蔔

並列摘要

The effect of temperature on the life history traits of the cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae (Linne.), cultured on seedlings of radish plant (Raphanus sativus L.) in the laboratory at 70-80% RH and a photoperiod of 12: 12 (L: D), was evaluated at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 ± 1℃. At 30℃, all cabbage aphids failed to survive. The results showed that the developmental time of immatures decreased from 72.3 days at 5℃ to 9.1 days at 25℃. According to the linear regression analysis of development rate and temperature between 5 and 25℃, overall immature development required 198.8 degree-days above 2.2℃. Adult longevity decreased from 16.9 days at 10℃ to 7.8 days at 25℃, but adult aphids at 5℃ with the shortest longevity (6.3 days) failed to reproduce. The intrinsic rate of increase (r(subscript m)) was the lowest at 10℃ (0.052 offspring/female/d), and was the highest at 25℃ (0.138 offspring/female/d). The population reared at 15℃ had the highest net reproductive rate (R(subscript 0)= 18.8 offspring/female). The mean generation time (GT) decreased as the temperature increased from 40.6 days at 10℃ to 14.5 days at 25℃. The total life cycle of B. brassicae ranges from 15-78 days and is greatly influenced by temperature, while the life cycle is shortened at higher temperatures.

並列關鍵字

Brevicoryne brassicae ； population parameters ； development ； temperature ； Raphanus sativus

國際替代計量

不同定溫下菜蚜（半翅目：常蚜科）於蘿蔔上之生命表

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