岡崎釉小蜂(Closterocerus okazakii(Kamijo))（膜翅目：釉小蜂科）之形態與生活史

Morphology and Life History of Closterocerus okazakii (Kamijo) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)

錢景秦(Ching-Chin Chien) ； 張淑貞(Shu-Chen Chang)

《台灣昆蟲》 29卷1期 (2009/03) Pp. 25-36

https://doi.org/10.6661/TESFE.2009003

摘要

岡崎釉小蜂(Closterocerus okazakii (Kamijo))行單產雄性孤雌生殖(arrhenotokous)、單員內寄生(solitary endoparasitoid)。未交尾雌蜂之生育力較交尾者降低44.2%。該蜂以產卵寄生(65.1%)與取食寄主(34.9%)之方式，致死蔬菜斑潛蠅(Liriomyza sativae Blanchard)。寄主幼蟲一被該蜂取食即死亡，若被產卵則經2.8~102分鐘才停止活動、取食，呈現深度麻痺狀態。羽化高峰期為上午5至6點，產卵與取食寄主高峰期，各為上午5點至下午1點與上午5點至下午5點。雌蜂偏好在第三齡寄主幼蟲上產卵，及在第二與三齡寄主幼蟲上取食。該蜂在25℃下，卵至蛹期發育所需時間為12.6日，其中卵期為1.5日，幼蟲期為4.2日，前蛹期為0.7日，蛹期為6.2日。卵發育至蛹期之存活率為95.9%。每日供應40~50隻第三齡寄主幼蟲與純蜂蜜時，雌、雄蜂壽命各為18.7與17.4日，每雌蜂可產231隻子蜂，並致死372隻寄主幼蟲。子代雌性比為0.55。

關鍵字

岡崎釉小蜂 ； 蔬菜斑潛蠅 ； 外部形態 ； 生活史

並列摘要

Closterocerus okazakii (Kamijo) is an arrhenotokous, solitary endoparasitoid of the vegetable leaf miner Liriomyza sativae Blanchard. The capability of unmated wasps to produce offspring decreased by 44.2%, compared to mated female wasps. Female wasps caused mortality in L. sativae through parasitism (65.1%) and host-feeding (34.9%). Host larvae were paralyzed within 2.8-102 min after wasp oviposition or they died immediately after being fed upon by the female wasp. The daily emergence peak was between 0500 and 0600 h, while the daily peak of oviposition and host-feeding was between 0500 and 1300 h, and 0500 and 1700 h, respectively. The wasp showed host instar preference, on third instar for oviposition and on second and third instars for feeding. The wasp took 12.6 days to complete the development from egg to pupal stage at 25oC. The duration of egg, larval, prepupal, and pupal stages averaged 1.5, 4.2, 0.7, and 6.2 days, respectively. The survival rate from egg to pupal stage was 95.5%. The longevity of the female and male wasps averaged 18.7 and 17.4 days, respectively when wasps were provided daily with 40-50 third instar host larvae and honey. Each female wasp could kill 372 L. sativae hosts and produce 231 offsprings in her lifetime. The proportion of female progeny was 0.55.

並列關鍵字

Closterocerus okazakii ； Liriomyza sativae ； morphology ； life history