國際策略聯盟中廠商間知識移轉與廠商能力發展

Inter-firm Knowledge Transfer and Firm's Capabilities Development in International Strategic Alliances

朱文儀(Wen-Yi Chu) ； 黃延聰(Yen-Tsung Huang)

《台灣管理學刊》 2卷1期 (2002/08) Pp. 105-124

https://doi.org/10.6295/TAMJ.2002.0201.06

摘要

本文從能力與知識基礎觀點，探究廠商如何藉由國際策略聯盟進行廠商內部能力的發展。廠商能力的發展可視為組織學習的過程，而廠商在聯盟中的學習過程，可以概念化為「從聯盟活動獲得知識移轉」及「廠商能力的建立或強化」兩個階段。就第一個階段，本文首先回顧國際策略聯盟中組織間學習或知識移轉的相關文獻，然後進而提出影響聯盟中知識移轉的七個決定因素，包括聯盟雙方的條件及聯盟雙方的互動等兩類。在「聯盟雙方條件」上，包括廠商本身的學習意圖、聯盟夥伴知識／能力的透明度、雙方在國家及企業文化上的差異、雙方在專業知識基礎上的差異、及彼此間的信任程度等因素；在「聯盟雙方互動」上，則包括聯盟的統治結構、及聯盟雙方互動或溝通管道的豐富程度等因素。在第二階段，本文則根據組織學習與知識管理觀點，認為從聯盟中獲得知識移轉及廠商本身的吸收能耐兩者，將決定廠商是否能藉由聯盟建立或強化本身的能力。

關鍵字

國際策略聯盟 ； 知識移轉 ； 組織間學習 ； 能力發展

並列摘要

Based on capabilities and knowledge-based perspectives, this article explores how firms develop their capabilities by means of international strategic alliances. The capabilities development of the firm in alliances can be regarded as an inter-organizational learning process, and can be conceptualized into two stages: knowledge transfer in alliances and capabilities building or enhancement of the firm. In the first stage, according to literatures review of inter-organizational learning and knowledge transfer, we first identify seven determinants and then divides these determinants into two categories: ”alliance conditions”, including learning intention, knowledge/capabilities transparency, difference of national and corporate culture, difference of professional knowledge base and trust between alliance firms; and ”alliance interactions”, including governance structure of alliance, and the intensity of interactions or communications between alliances firms. In the second stage, based on organization learning and knowledge management perspective, we identify two determinants, e.g., the acquisitions of knowledge transfer in alliances and absorptive capacity of the firm, that will affect the capabilities building and enhancement of the firm through alliances. Propositions concerned with those determinants are then developed and explained.

並列關鍵字

International Strategic Alliance ； Knowledge Transfer ； Inter-organizational Learning ； Capabilities Development

參考文獻

Amit, R.,Schoemaker, P. J. H(1993).Strategic assets and organization rent.Strategic Management Journal.10,33-46.

Argyris, C.,Schon, D. A.(1978).Organizational learning: A theory of action perspective. Reading.MA:Addison-Wesley.

Badaracco, J. L.(1991).The knowledge link: How firms compete through strategic alliances.Boston, MA:Harvard Business School Press.

Barney, J. B.(1991).Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage.Journal of Management.17(1),99-120.

Bradach, J. L.,Eccles, R. G.(1989).Price, authority, and trust: from ideal types to plural forms.Annual Review Sociology.15,97-118.