- 期刊
- OpenAccess
Particulate Air Pollution at Schools: Indoor-Outdoor Relationship and Determinants of Indoor Concentrations
摘要
This study aimed to assess the relationship between indoor and outdoor particulate air pollution at primary schools, and identify the determinants of indoor pollution concentrations. The study was conducted in six classrooms within six primary schools in Sari, Northern Iran. Indoor concentrations of particulate matter (PM) with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 10 μm (PM_(10)), 2.5 μm (PM_(2.5)), and 1 μm (PM_(1.0)) were assessed in classrooms, and outdoor concentrations of PM_(2.5) on the school playgrounds were monitored simultaneously by using two real-time and portable dust monitors during autumn, winter, and spring, yielding 26 sampling days for each school in total. The highest outdoor and indoor PM_(2.5) concentrations were found in winter and spring, respectively. The mean indoor PM_(2.5) concentration (46.9 ± 32.9 μg m^(-3)) was higher than that measured outdoors (36.8 ± 33.2 μg m^(-3)). Indoor PM_(2.5) and PM_(1.0) were moderately correlated with outdoor PM_(2.5) concentrations, which was the main determinant for all indoor particulate concentrations, however, a distinct pattern was observed for PM_(10) and PM_(2.5) compared to PM_(1.0). While meteorological variables (i.e., ambient temperature, relative humidity) could predict indoor PM_(10) and PM_(2.5) concentrations, the total area of the windows and the number of students in a classroom were predictors for PM_(1.0) levels. The findings of this study could inform policymakers in implementing evidence-based targeted interventions aimed at reducing air pollution in school settings.
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