糖尿病病人使用苦瓜對降低血糖之效果－文獻回顧

目的：進行文獻回顧探討苦瓜對於糖尿病人的效用，以提供護理人員及糖尿病患者作為血糖控制參考之依據，來提升病患健康福祉及安適。方法：運用華藝線上圖書館、MEDLINE、CINAHL、ProQuest、PubMed等五個資料庫，以關鍵字苦瓜、糖尿病及血糖進行文獻搜尋，以苦瓜介入糖尿病的臨床實驗性研究及系統性文獻回顧。最後以10篇全文文獻進行評讀並整合。結果：共納入十篇全文文獻進行評讀並整合，共有三篇為文獻回顧，和七篇實驗性文獻，其中實驗性文獻僅有三篇具有顯著差異。三篇文獻回顧中有二篇實證等級較低表示有療效，一篇實證最高等級表示沒有足夠證據顯示苦瓜對血糖控制有統計上的差異。每篇研究對於苦瓜種類、食用部位、劑型及劑量尚未標準化，且樣本數少，又未說明風險偏差，造成文獻不易統合無法提供相關證據予以支持其效用，亦也成為本篇文章之限制。結論：現有證據未能支持苦瓜可以作為糖尿病治療方法，但可視為營養補充品。護理人員除了提供適切性的專業照護之外，建議協同專業營養師及其他團隊成員，促進病患藥物及健康生活習慣的改變，適當加入輔助療法，進而改善血糖控制的問題。

關鍵字

苦瓜；糖尿病；血糖；實證護理

並列摘要

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to review the literature on the effects of bitter melon in patients with diabetes and hope to provide nurses and patients with diabetes as a reference for glycemic control in order to enhance patient's health and well-being. Methods: the following databases ofAiriti Library, MEDLINE, CINAHL, ProQuest, and Pub Med were used to search keywords, which included bitter melon, diabetes, hypoglycemia, and RCT. A total of ten studies were identified for further appraisal and integration. Results: Ten papers including three systematic reviews and seven experimental studies were found. In review studies, two studies with low level of evidence have shown significances, whereas one study with the top level of evidence shown that there is no statistical significance on the effect of bitter melon on blood sugar control. And only three experimental studies have shown a significant differences. The formula of bitter melon were unstandardized among the studies, such as species, extraction sites, and dosages of bitter melon as well as a small size sample and potential risk bias were found among these studies. These made this paper hard to do a meta-analysis which was the limitation of this study. Conclusion: Evidence so far does not support using bitter melon as a treatment method. In addition to providing usual professional nursing care, other professional advices should be sought when using bitter melon as a dietary supplement.

並列關鍵字

bitter melon ； diabetes ； blood sugar ； evidence-based nursing

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糖尿病病人使用苦瓜對降低血糖之效果－文獻回顧

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