學前幼兒被期待學些什麼？－以兩所幼稚園家長為例

Parents' Expectations and Preconceptions with Regard to their Young Children's Learning-Exploring Two Preschool Programs

劉慈惠(Tsyr-Huey Liou)

《師大學報：教育類》 51卷1期 (2006/04) Pp. 131-158

https://doi.org/10.29882/JTNUE.200604.0007

摘要

本研究以質性研究的方法，探索公、私立各一所幼稚園大班家長對幼兒學習的期望與信念。研究發現，家長對孩子的學習期望反映其對心目中理想幼稚園的界定與選擇上；幼稚園不同課程特質滿足了不同家長對幼兒學習的期望。雖然家長對幼稚園的選擇兼併多重因素之考量，父母的期望並非互斥，但私立焦點園的家長多數以讀寫算等學業技能的學習為主要期望，而公立焦點園的家長則較偏重幼兒人格及社會等面向的學習。研究顯示，家長的期望影響其對幼兒重要起跑點的詮釋與期許，對於社會潮流的壓力，家長反映了不同的應對態度，其中並不絕對與社經背景有關；個體的成長背景、教養經驗、社會網絡及傳統文化、社會環境等，對信念的形塑具有不同面向的影響力。有些父母的信念是一成不變，但有些人則是不斷修正。研究結果突顯學前教育的現象與策略需從社會脈絡去了解與切入。

關鍵字

幼兒教育 ； 父母期望與信念 ； 質性研究

並列摘要

This qualitative study explored parents' expectations for, and ideas about, their children's learning in two preschool programs in Taiwan. The results indicate that parents' expectations strongly influence how they define and choose the “ideal school” for their children. Different parents weigh similar factors differently in making decisions, according to their particular value systems. They react to societal pressures differently and develop different ideas about how to establish a good foundation for their children. While the majority of parents in our targeted private school focused more on academic skills, the others focused more on the learning of social skills and development of personality. While some of the participating parents' ideas and expectations remained static, others went through a process of change. Thus it is clear that many factors interplay to shape parents ideas, which socioeconomic status does not necessarily play an essential role. It is urged that phenomena and strategies related to early childhood education need to be understood and developed contextually.

並列關鍵字

early childhood education ； parental expectations and preconceptions ； qualitative study

參考文獻

王莉玲(1988)。幼兒家長教師教養方式之比較－幼稚園個案研究。台北市:新宇。

朱瑞玲(1998)。家庭與社會資源分配：現象與理解。人文及社會科學集刊。2(10)，157-159。

江麗莉︱鐘梅菁(1997)。幼稚園初任教師困擾問題之研究。新竹師院學報。10，1-22。

余安邦(1991)。影響成就動機的家庭社會化因素之探討。中央研究院民族研究所集刊。71，87-132。

余思靜(1999)。幼稚園大班的華業生真的准備好上一年級了嗎？國小新生的同儕關系學校適應。台東師院學報。10，123-154。