運動經紀人規範之研究－以美國之發展為中心

於今日之社會，運動產業在整個社會層面的重要性日漸提昇。於此之間，扮演重要角色之人即為運動參與者之運動員。因運動員在賽場上之表現，使得運動產業有相關營收，故運動員之薪資等收入亦隨之增加。隨著社會分工之細緻化，運動員於賽場外之事務，即由代理運動員之運動經紀人處理。於現代運動經紀產業中，強調一站式之服務，運動經紀人所提供之服務，包含運動及財務投資等事務。若運動經紀人之客戶屬明星運動員或有潛力之新秀，其將會有豐厚之收入，故時有耳聞運動經紀人為爭取客戶而有不當競爭之行為，或為利益衝突之行為。甚且，運動經紀人更是運動員最信賴的人之一，並為其處理生活事務之人，亦有部分運動經紀人濫用與運動員之信賴關係而對運動員之金錢有不當處置。故，對於運動經紀人之資格要求與規範，實有必要。我國發展職業運動已將近30年，部分職業運動員已使用運動經紀人代理其處理各項事務，然而不論法規面或運動團體，卻無對運動經紀人之專門規範。本文將以全世界運動產業發展最為蓬勃的美國為立論重心，介紹運動經紀人產業之情況與規範之發展。最後，剖析目前我國之狀況，並參酌美國制度提出相關之規範建議，期能作為日後相關機構建立運動經紀人規範之參考。

關鍵字

運動經紀人；運動產業；職業運動員工會；信賴關係；利益衝突

並列摘要

In modern society, the importance of sports industry is getting more and more. And the athletes play a crucial role in this industry. The performance in the flied by the athletes makes the revenue of the sport industry enhanced, so the compensation of the athletes is getting higher as well. With the division of labor in society, the athlete's affairs out the field are delegated to sports agent for management. In current sports agent industry, it is emphasized that the services provided by sports agent is one-stop-shopping representation, which means that in addition to contract negotiation, the services include sports and financial investment matters and so forth. If the clients of sports agent are all start players or prospects, the amount of commissions collected is substantial. As a result, it is said that some sports agents compete for clients by misconduct or carry out some activities that might be conflict of interest. Furthermore, the sports agent is one of the most trusted person by the athlete and handle all aspects in the athlete's life, so some of sports agents abuse the fiduciary relationships with athletes to have financial mismanagement. Hence, it is necessary to require the competence of the sports agents and regulate it. It has been almost 30 years for the development of professional sports in Taiwan and some professional athletes delegate sports agent to deal with various affairs. However there is no regulation for sports agents promulgated by the legislature or made by sports entities. This paper mainly focuses on the system in the United States, where the development of sports industry is the most blooming in the world and introduces the current development in the industry and the regulation of sports agent. In conclusion, the author analyzes the current status in Taiwan and presents the suggestions based on the system in the United States and hopes that the contents of this project could be adopted as one of the reference resources when the authorities plan to structure the regulation of sports agent.