CEDAW與我國憲法之性別平等保障內涵的比較

2007年我國批准了消除對婦女一切形式歧視公約（The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women，以下簡稱CEDAW），2011年制定施行法，以在我國法體系推動CEDAW保障與促進性別平等之規定。歷次的國家報告審議均關注的一個問題是，我國憲法與法律規定迄今尚無包含如CEDAW所載之歧視定義者，國際審查委員會敦促我國以法律或憲法層次規範對性與性別歧視加以定義，以落實CEDAW之目的與保障內涵。無論將來欲採取何種立法模式，都有必要對於CEDAW的平等概念內涵予以釐清，尤其CEDAW採非對稱取徑、關注婦女群體地位、以結果平等為目標，而大法官主要採取對稱取徑解釋平等權，因此，CEDAW與我國憲法設有之性別平等規定是否相容，值得深入探究。本文首先爬梳CEDAW之平等概念，再探討我國憲法上之性別平等概念與CEDAW是否一致，之後對於我國未來落實CEDAW之策略提出建議。

關鍵字

消除對婦女一切形式歧視公約（CEDAW）；性別平等；形式平等；實質平等；結果平等；非對稱取徑；間接歧視；暫行特別措施；性別刻板印象

並列摘要

Taiwan ratified CEDAW in 2007. CEDAW is commonly understood as a women's only Convention. The aim of CEDAW is not only put an end to unjustified classifications of individuals on the basis of sex, but also to improve de facto position of women (individuals as well as groups) by means of temporary special measures and to focus on the structural causes of discrimination. Compared to the asymmetrical approach of CEDAW, Constitutional Court interpreted sex and gender equality as a right to comparatively equal treatment, which is symmetrical. This raises the question to what extent the Constitution reflects the requirements of CEDAW and whether and in how far it might be possible to align Taiwan's law to CEDAW. Against this background, this paper aims to show the scope and purpose of CEDAW firstly. The following provides a comparative assessment of the basic features of concept of sex and gender equality in Taiwan's Constitution. Finally, some suggestions are made for preventing or resolving conflicts between CEDAW and Constitution.

並列關鍵字

CEDAW ； Sex/Gender Equality ； Formal Equality ； Substantive Equality ； Equality of Result ； Asymmetrical Approach ； Indirect Discrimination ； Temporary Special Measures ； Gender Stereotype