青少年安置服務福利屬性之探討

An Exploration on the Youth Residential Service

張紉(Renn Chang)

《臺大社會工作學刊》 2期 (2000/05) Pp. 191-215

https://doi.org/10.6171/ntuswr2000.02.05

摘要

本文目的在探討我國現有福利輸送體系中，青少年安置服務所呈現的福利屬性與內涵。過去我國少年福利法中，偏重於對家庭變故者及失依者的安置照顧，因此安置本身即為福利服務的一種。但是隨著青少年性交易防治條例的公佈實施及少年事件處理法的新增修訂，安置服務的福利屬性及內涵，就在實務工作上展現新的意涵。
在這些新發展的法規中，安置青少年的目的或許是觀察、評估其行為，也或許是提供輔導服務，以矯治其行為。但是不管其原始設計時之福利意涵何在，本質上這樣的安置服務已經成為一種非自願性的福利服務。非自願性福利服務的福利本質、其服務內容的規劃、對案主行為約束的範圍及強制力、案主對於接受安置服務之自主性及自決性、以及實務工作者之工作技巧和倫理守則等，就成為檢視安置服務之福利內涵及屬性的重要因素，也是探討青少年安置服務專業規劃的重要議題。
因此本文首先探討現行相關青少年法令中，對於安置服務之福利意涵何在？其次分析此種福利意涵落實在實際輸送體系中，所轉化的安置服務內容及伴隨的福利屬性為何？分析探討著重於安置服務本身所呈現的「福利或拘留」之衝突意涵，所反映在福利服務規劃上的困境，以及專業工作者所面臨的強制性福利服務之專業服務範圍問題。最後本文將針對這些分析，提出青少年安置服務專業發展及規劃的相關議題及建議。

關鍵字

青少年安置服務 ； 留宿式安置服務 ； 法定福利服務 ； 非自願性服務 ； 社區處遇

並列摘要

This paper explores some issues related to residential services for adolescents. As the passage of several child and youth welfare legislation in the past decade, out-of-home placement has been designed as one of the service provisions for the youth. Since residential services has been proposed as the major mean for out-of-home placement, several issues about residential care arise: Is residential care best seen as a substitute for a family that has failed, or as a support for a family in crisis? Further, what a residential care would be like while it has been practiced as a mandated service? How the youth and professional workers perceive it as the helping process instead of as the punitive measures? To examine these issues, this paper first analyzes the characteristics of residential care services that have been mandated by three major Youth Acts in Taiwan. Next, the assumptions underlying in residential care are explored, in particular, with regard to the practical and ethical problems in practice. Finally, recommendations are provided to develop social work interventions for the troubled youth.

並列關鍵字

youth residential service ； mandated services ； out-of-home placement ； involuntary services for youth ； community-based interventions