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論聖多瑪斯「性體-位格合一」基督論

A Study of the "Nature-Person Unity" Christology of St. Thomas Aquinas

摘要


「基督論」的神學反省從一開始即交織著兩條基本的線索:「下降基督論」(Descending Christology)和「上升基督論」(Ascending Christology);在教父時代,這兩種「基督論」的路線表現得那麼地水火不容:亞歷山大裡亞學派的「道-體基督論」(Logos-Sarx Christology)強調「結合之後,只有一性」(miaphysis);安提約基亞學派的「道-人基督論」(Logos-AnthrōposChristology)則堅持「道成肉身,真實成人」。多瑪斯的「性體-位格合一基督論」承襲的傳統是「下降基督論」,再加上亞裡斯多德理性哲學的影響,因此,多瑪斯的「性體-位格合一基督論」較之前人,表達得更為理性而精緻。多瑪斯適當地綜合了安提約基亞學派的主張,同時,彌補並超越了亞歷山大裡亞學派「結合之後,只有一性」的偏頗。從二十一世紀的神學立場出發,我們認為,對於多瑪斯「性體-位格合一基督論」的批評應該集中在方法論上面。即多瑪斯強調「信仰中的基督」的同時,卻不小心疏忽了「歷史中的耶穌」。

關鍵字

多瑪斯的基督論 性體 位格 合一

並列摘要


From the very beginning theological reflection on Christology has comprised two basic tracks: descending Christology and ascending Christology. In the Patristic era, these two Christologies were incompatible. The Logos-Sarx Christology of the school of Alexandria emphasized that "after the union, there was only one nature (mia physis)". The school of Antioch supported a Logos-Anthrōpos Christology that insisted "The Word became flesh, a real person." The "Nature-Person Union" Christology of Thomas Aquinas inherited the tradition of descending Christology and combined it with the rational philosophy of Aristotle. Thus, in comparison with previous Christologies, the "Nature-Person Union" Christology of Thomas Aquinas is more rational and more refined. He appropriately synthesized the stand of the school of Antioch and complemented it with the Logos-Sarx Christology of Alexandria. From the theological standpoint of the twenty-first century, we believe that criticism of Aquinas' "Nature-Person Union" Christology should focus on his methodology, that is, while Thomas Aquinas stressed the Christ of our faith, he carelessly neglected the historical Jesus.

並列關鍵字

Thomas Aquinas Christology person union

參考文獻


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田春波(2011)。聖三神學。香港:論盡神學。
岡察雷斯陳澤民譯(2010)。基督教思想史。南京:譯林。
施安堂譯(1983)。教父神學選集。臺北:譯者自印。
施安堂譯(1983)。教父神學選集。臺北:譯者自印。

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