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從人民自決到獨立建國:以後殖民觀點分析台灣基督長老教會政治神學解嚴後三十年發展

From Collective Self-determination to Independent Nation-building: A Postcolonial Analysis of the Development of the Political Theologies of the Presbyterian Church in Taiwan 30 Years after the Lifting of the Martial Law

摘要


本文旨在梳理台灣基督長老教會政治神學自解嚴以來30年來的主題(motif)發展及其影響。作者分析四個代表性的文本:《台灣鄉土神學論文集》(王憲治,1988)、《奔向出頭天的子民》(黃伯和,1991)、《認同的神學》(陳南州、2003)、《台灣建國神學》(羅光喜,2018),論述長老教會政治意識的發展理路,沿著鄉土認同、人民自決出頭天意識、台灣人認同塑造,逐漸發展出台灣獨立建國的政治意識。作者從抵殖民抗爭的觀點來分析長老教會長期投入政治反對運動的緣由,以及長老教會神學工作者如何從聖經出埃及人民解放的神學論述,發展出人民解放自由的上帝國在台灣的政治神學論述,如何貢獻於本土認同的深化,以及裨益台灣人認同的塑造。另一方面,作者亦分析長老教會的政治神學如何從出頭天神學倡議的三個面向理想:政治-社會、文化、心靈-靈性的出頭天,窄化為政治-社會的面向的出頭天(獨立建國理想),忽略了文化認同重塑、以及人民心靈解殖民的面向。本文最後建議長老教會政治神學從抵殖民抗爭-國族論述軸線轉向解殖民重構主體軸線,亦即強化論述抵殖民抗爭運動中對差異本質化的批判、並提出重構台灣主體意識、想像力解殖、提出新的宗教意象以凝聚社會的論述,作為未來政治神學發展的主題。

並列摘要


his essay aims to review the development of the motifs in the political theologies of the Presbyterian Church in Taiwan (PCT) over the past 30 years since the lifting of the martial law. The author analyzes four key texts: Essay Collection on Taiwan Homeland Theology (Wang, Hsien-Chih ed, 1988), The People Who Pursue Chhut-Thâu-Thi^n (Huang, Po-Ho, 1991), Theology of Indentification (Chen, Nan-Jou, 2003), The Theology for Taiwan's State Building (Lo, Kuang-Hsi, 2018). The author elaborates the PCT's long-term involvement of the in the political opposition movement from the perspectives of anti-colonial resistance. In addition, the author elucidates how the PCT Church developed the theological discourse of liberation from Exodus narratives in the Bible, contributing to the deepening of local identity and the shaping of Taiwanese identity. On the other hand, the author also analyzes how the political theologies of the Presbyterian Church have evolved from the broader ideals of liberation to the narrowed-down ideal of the nation-state-building, discounting the importance of reshaping of cultural identity and the decolonization of people's minds. This article further suggests that the political theologies of the Presbyterian Church should strengthen the criticism of the essentialization of differences in the anti-colonial resistance movement. Moreover, the author proposes that the important subjects of future political theologies may include: the reconstruction of Taiwan's subjective consciousness, offering new religious images to condense society's discourse, as well as the decolonization of imagination of the Taiwanese people.

參考文獻


王憲治編 (1988)。《台灣鄉土神學論文集》。台南:台南神學院。
吳叡人 (2016)。《受困的思想》。新北市:衛城。
李筱峰、薛化元 (2019)。《典藏台灣史:(七)戰後台灣史》。台北:玉山社。
宋泉盛編 (1988)。《出頭天─台灣人民自決運動史料》。台南:人光。
林芳仲編 (2007)。《台灣-新而獨立的國家:台灣基督長老教會人權宣言聖經與神學論述》。台北:台灣基督長老教會總會信仰與教制委員會。

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