想像的系譜(1/3)-對鍾嶸《詩品》“體源論”的重新商榷

Imagined Genealogy (1/3): Reappraisal of the "Genealogy" of Zhong Rong's Shi-Pin

祁立峰(Li-Feng Chi)

《東方人文學誌》 7卷1期 (2008/03) Pp. 41-63

https://doi.org/10.6389/OH.200803.0041

摘要

「想像的系譜」是本文歸納的詞彙，用以指稱中國古典文論獨特的「系譜」建構。文論於六朝興盛蓬勃，「系譜」建構也成為六朝以來，文論家熱衷的活動。於是中國文論建構出一套完整而自圓其說的「體源學」。然而我們又要如何正視此系譜中的矛盾處？風格的定義，出自作品詮釋，解讀勢必帶有主觀。「主觀」無關對錯，「想像」不代表虛假，卻與真實產生落差。故本文借「系譜學」與「想像主體性」(imagined subjectivity)，提出「想像的系譜」(imagined genealogy)以稱古典文論此一特徵。首先，本文從鍾嶸《詩品》出發，探討體源、風格、系譜學對於詩論的關係。其次，就《詩品》提到的系譜深入分析，最後本文將就「系譜」發展的歷時性(diachrony)與共時性(synchrony)，探討系譜「如何」建置？「為何」建置？而癥結在於：我們是否擁有一結構森嚴的詩學體系？我們是否有一套環環相扣的文學繼承史？這是值得重新商榷的。

關鍵字

鍾嶸 ； 詩品 ； 想像的主體性 ； 想像的系譜

並列摘要

The literature theories have developed from Six Dynasty. And tracing back to sources of styles has been a craved work for each literature theorist of every dynasty. It seems to be a complete and perfect history of inheritance and influence of styles for the Chinese literature theories. But is it the truth? This is what this paper questions. I bring up the ”Imagined genealogy” which bases on the ”Imagined subjectivity” theory that claimed by Michel Foucault and the ”Genealogy” that claimed by Matt Hills. I try to do a research of diachrony and synchrony on the discourse of ”style”. I try to figure out any inheritance in diachrony and any influence in synchrony. In the end, I question about the literature system of a compact and clean inheritance and influence relationship. Or, the influence relationship had existed only on our Imagination.

並列關鍵字

Zhong Rong ； Shi-Pin ； Imagined subjectivity ； Imagined genealogy