隱微幽蔽的女性身影－解讀《京本通俗小說》與《清平山堂話本》中的女性妖魅形象之意涵

The Vague and Secluded Feminine Images: The Interpretation of Implication of the Feminine Spirits and Enchantresses in Ching-pen t'ung-su hsiao-shuo and Ch'ing-p'ing shan-t'ang hua-pen

王瑞宏(Ruey-Horng Wang)

《東方人文學誌》 7卷2期 (2008/06) Pp. 143-164

https://doi.org/10.6389/OH.200806.0143

摘要

宋明短篇話本作品集，以《京本通俗小說》與明代刻印的《清平山堂話本》具代表性，內容以描繪市井小民的生活為主，以妖鬼魅人為主要內容的煙粉靈怪故事亦佔有相當比例。本文以兩書為討論範圍，梳理出含有女性妖魅角色的篇章，逐一解讀其形象與意涵。此類女性對於情愛與慾望常採取主動追求的態度，反映出當時社會上的道德觀與貞節觀有一定程度的削弱；鬼魅的形象建立在市人女性現實生活的情狀之上，她們果敢堅決不為所屈，使角色形象具有感染力。
綜觀作品中的女性妖魅角色，豐富了宋明話本的內容想像與藝術成分，此類靈怪故事的結構與妖精形象，在白話小說的開端時期，可謂起了濫觴作用，亦影響後世擬話本及白話小說之創作。

關鍵字

女性妖魅形象 ； 京本通俗小說 ； 清平山堂話本 ； 煙粉 ； 靈怪 ； 話本

並列摘要

Among Song and Ming short story collections, Ching-pen t'ung-su hsiao-shuo and Ch'ing-p'ing shan-t'ang hua-pen printed in the Ming are representative; the content primarily depicts lives of common folks, and the phantasmal stories also focus on demons and ghosts those bewitch people. This paper discusses these two books, emphasizes chapters with female demon characters, and interprets images and the content of these images. These females tend to take an attitude of proactive pursuit with love and lust, reflecting a certain extent of attrition of ethical and chastity views in society at the time; the image of ghosts are established on the reality of lives for females-they are brave, decisive, and persevere, so the images of their characters are empathetic.
An overview of the female ghost characters in the work enriches the content's imagination and artistic components in the Song and Ming short stories. The structure of such phantasmal stories and images of ghosts are said to be origins that affected later creations of vernacular short stories and vernacular novels.

並列關鍵字

feminine spirits and enchantresses images ； Ching-pen t'ung-su hsiao-shuo ； Ch'ing-p'ing shan-t'ang hua-pen ； ghost ； demon ； short story