從“述”與“作”析論朱子詮釋經典文本之特質

The Characteristic of Classical Text Annotation from Zhuzi by "The narration" and "The Creation"

鍾永興(Yong-Sing Jhong)

《東方人文學誌》 9卷1期 (2010/03) Pp. 97-118

https://doi.org/10.6389/OH.201003.0097

摘要

朱熹，字元晦，一字仲晦，嘉靖中，祀稱「先儒朱子」。朱子為宋代碩儒，集周濂溪、張橫渠、程顥、程頤等儒之大成，朱子思想無論於當代或是後世皆具有相當程度之影響力，為宋明理學的代表人物之一，其學大抵窮理以致其知，反躬以踐其實，復以居敬為主。此外，朱子著書豐富，不勝枚舉，尤其以《四書章句集注》一書對後世之影響甚鉅，朱子《四書》編次之立意在於承傳道統、教化子弟，而自此之後，儒者治學次第亦多以四書在前，五經在後。朱子詮釋經典文本時，恪遵注家本份，其以宗經徵聖為原則，示現出謙遜慎重之態度。其對於道學義理之發揚，則是存乎注文、傳文當中，未嘗敢凌駕於經典聖言之上。朱子詮釋經典文本之特質，乃是在舊典之規模下闡述新說，於遵照傳統方式傳注經書的同時，既可在經文當中保存舊典，又能於傳文、注文之內創始新說，誠謂兩全其美之道。

關鍵字

述 ； 作 ； 朱子 ； 詮釋 ； 經典文本

並列摘要

Zhui xi, also calls yuan hui, or zhong hui, in Jiajing, offers sacrifice calls ”Zhuzi of the past Confucian scholars”. Zhuzi is the great Confucian scholar in Song Dynasty, and epitomize from Zhou lian-xi, Zhang heng-qu, Cheng hao, Cheng yi, and he is the famous scholar of principle in Song Dynasty, his knowledge is emphasis on exhaust the truth to obtain the knowledge, engage in introspection and practice, and by respectful primarily. Zhuzi writes books richly, too numerous to cite individually, especially the influence is biggest by ”four books collect” to the later generation, the goals of Zhuzi to arrange in order four books is to inherit Confucian orthodoxy and educate the students, from now, the order about the mostly Confucian scholar which study the knowledge is four books before, the Five Classics after. When Zhuzi analyzes the classical text, he observes the province of the glossographer, he takes the principle of esteems classics and seeks information from the sage, he displays modest and careful manner. He propagates the truth in the annotated text, doesn't dare to surmount the classics. The characteristic of classical text annotation from Zhuzi, is to interpret the new opinion by old classics, when he annotates the Confucian classics by traditional way, he can preserve the original text in the classics, and he can create the new view in the annotated text, it is the way to satisfy both sides.

並列關鍵字

The narration ； The creation ； Zhuzi ； Annotation ； The classical text