Considering the Factors of Gender and Body Weight in the Promotion of Healthy Behavior among Adolescents

青少年之性別／體重與健康促進行為的關係

陳美燕(Mei-Yen Chen) ； 周傳姜(Chuan-Chiang Chou) ； 楊瑞珍(Rea-Jane Yang)

《The Journal of Nursing Research》 13卷3期 (2005/09) Pp. 235-243

摘要

青少年肥胖現象不斷的在已開發及開發中國家增加中，然而過去的研究卻很少注意不同性別和不同體重的青少年與健康相關行為的關係。因此本研究主要目的是探討不同體重和性別的青少年在健康促進行為方面的差異。研究方法主要採橫斷面及描述性調查法，探討不同體重（偏低、一般、過重）、性別的青少年與健康促進行為的關係。結果發現一般體重之青少年在社會支持、健康責任、及運動行為方面之得分顯著高於過重體重組，在健康責任行為方面也高於低體重組。在性別方面，女生在六個層面的健康促進行為，明顯的有五項高於男生，但是在運動行為方面則顯著低於男生。這些研究發現將可以促使健康專業人員，對於國內青少年的健康產生警訊的作用。此外，應鼓勵學校及家庭針對過重青少年進行健康促進的護理諮詢措施，以增加過重青少年的運動行為及改善健康的生活習慣；在提供各項健康促進策略時也要注意性別的差異，例如針對女生需要特別注意運動習慣的養成。

關鍵字

性別 ； 青少年 ； 過重 ； 健康促進行為 ； 護理

並列摘要

Obesity among adolescents is increasing in both developed and developing countries. However, previous studies have paid little attention to the roles that gender and body weight variables play in health-related behavior. This article examines the effects of these two variables on health-related behavior in Taiwanese adolescents. A cross-sectional descriptive design was used with three body weight categories (underweight, average and overweight) and two gender categories (female and male). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Student's t test, and one-way ANOVA with Scheffe's post hoc test. The results showed that average weight adolescents scored significantly higher than their overweight peers in the three dimensions of social support, health responsibility, and exercise behavior. Average weight adolescents also scored higher than the underweight group in the dimension of health responsibility. Girls scored significantly better than boys in five out of the total six health-related behavior-scoring lower only in the exercise dimension. These findings should sound an alarm for all public health professionals to take heed to what is happening to our youth. School and family health promotion counseling should be encouraged for overweight adolescents to improve their exercise and lifestyle habits. Based on the findings, school health promotion programs should focus on gender differences. Girls, in particular, need encouragement to improve their exercise habits.

並列關鍵字

gender ； adolescent ； overweight ； health promoting behavior ； nursing

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