Normative Physical Fitness Scores for Community-Dwelling Older Adults

本研究之目的在建構社區中功能獨立老年人體適能常模，以台北市大安區社區老人為對象，先行以巴氏量表及體能活動準備度問卷，篩選出功能獨立且近兩週無胸悶、及明顯關節傷痛之個案，參與本研究之檢測。每位樣本分別由22位經過訓練的檢測員逐一陪同，並完成身體質量指數、肌力／肌耐力（上肢握力、30秒坐站次數）、平衡感（睜眼右腳站立）、柔軟度（坐椅體前彎）以及心肺耐力（2分鐘抬腿踏步、3分鐘登階）等五大類7項目的檢測活動，有效樣本數為1104。結果發現7項體適能均隨著年齡增加而顯著下降，男女兩性在6項體適能值均呈現顯著差異（3分鐘登階為唯一未達顯著陸差異之項目）。本文最後將男女性樣本分列，以每五歲組之檢測值以五等級：第十、三十、五十、七十及九十百分位表呈現，期望有助於社區老年人體適能檢測以及體能促進方案成效評價之參考。

關鍵字

老年人；體適能；常模

並列摘要

This study was designed to construct normative physical fitness scores for older, functionally independent adults living in the community. The Physical Activities Readiness Questionnaire and Barthel Index were initialized to screen those who have heart illness, arthritis, and functional dependence. After providing informed consent, each participant was instructed to perform seven tests in five categories, including body mass index, muscle strength/endurance (grasp test and 30-s chair stand test), balance (open-eye stand on right foot), flexibility (chair sit-and-reach test), and aerobic endurance (2- and 3-min step tests with preset cadence). Twenty-two assessors were recruited and trained by a physical fitness instructor to ensure acceptable interrater reliability. The valid sample size was 1, 104. Test performances were significantly different for male and female participants for all test categories, with the exception of aerobic endurance. Mean scores of all tests correlated negatively with age. The authors constructed the percentile distributions for the seven fitness tests for both genders. Results are expected to be helpful in assessing physical fitness and evaluating physical activity in older adults.

並列關鍵字

older adults ； physical fitness ； normative scores

參考文獻

Allison, D. B.,Zhu, S. K.,Plankey, M.,Faith, M. S.,Heo, M.(2002).Differential associations of body mass index and adiposity with all-cause mortality among men in the first and second National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES I and NHANES II).International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders.26(3),410-416.

Google Scholar

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