輕度失智榮民參與懷舊團體方案對其賦能成效之探討

Research on the Effectiveness of Empowerment for the Veterans with Mild Dementia Participating in a Reminiscence Group Therapy Program

梁瑞琪(Ruei-Chi Liang) ； 姚卿騰(Ching-Teng Yao)

《逢甲人文社會學報》 35期 (2017/12) Pp. 185-215

摘要

賦能對老人具有重要意義，而賦能現象可透過活動參與而展現。本研究旨在探討懷舊團體方案對輕度失智榮民增能現象之成效，以南部某養護機構失智專區高齡者為研究對象，收案8名輕度失智榮民實施8次懷舊療法團體活動，於團體過程中進行觀察記錄，並採取主題分析法進行分析，同時以基本資料表、臨床失智評估量表、職能治療綜合評量表為研究工具，進行資料收集和統計分析。研究結果發現，輕度失智榮民參與懷舊團體之賦能現象包括「個人意義感」、「自發性提升」、「主動探問的動機或行為」、「互相合作行為」、「自我效能感產生」、「行為改變」等六項賦能現象。研究對象於職能治療綜合量表之得分，後測測達顯著，與質化分析結果有所呼應。研究顯示懷舊團體方案有助於長期照顧機構高齡者增能之效益，該模式值得進一步應用於各族群的老人，並加以驗證成效的普及性。

關鍵字

賦能 ； 懷舊療法 ； 輕度失智榮民 ； 長期照顧機構 ； 成效

並列摘要

Empowerment is significant for the elderly, and the empowerment phenomenon can be demonstrated through activity participation. The purpose of this study is to explore the effectiveness of empowerment that the reminiscence group therapy program brought to veterans with mild dementia. With the elderly with dementia in a certain nursing institution in Southern Taiwan as the research subjects, eight veterans with mild dementia were chosen to conduct eight reminiscence therapy group activities. During the group activities, observations and records were made, and the thematic analysis method was adopted in conducting the analysis, while data collection and statistical analysis were performed with such research tools as basic information scale, clinical dementia rating scale and comprehensive occupational therapy evaluation scale. The research findings show that the reminiscence group therapy has the following six empowerment phenomena on the veterans with mild dementia: ＂sense of personal significance＂, ＂self-direct improvement＂, ＂motivation or behavior of inquiry on one's own initiative＂, ＂mutual cooperation behavior＂, ＂generation of sense of self-efficacy＂, and ＂behavior modification＂. The scores of the research subjects on the comprehensive occupational therapy evaluation with significant posttest results were consistent with the results of qualitative analysis. This research has proven the benefits of empowerment from the reminiscence group therapy program on the elderly in long-term care institutions, and such a model deserves further applications related to the elderly of all ethnic groups in order to verify the prevalence of its effectiveness.

並列關鍵字

empowerment ； reminiscence therapy ； veterans with mild dementia ； long-term care institution ； effectiveness

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