Survey of Species of Ticks Infesting Cattle in Taiwan

本研究首次針對台灣牛隻感染外寄生蟲之情形進行調查，並根據蟲體形態特徵進行種別鑑定。研究結果顯示在15個受檢測牧場中有6(40%)個牧場有牛隻感染壁蝨（蜱）的情形，而在總計2,950頭受檢牛隻中，有133(4.5%)頭遭到壁蝨的感染。調查期間總共採集到783隻壁蝨，其中包括714(91.2%)隻成蜱、64(8.2%)隻若蜱、5(0.6%)隻幼蜱。在714隻成蜱中，706(98.9%)隻經鑑定為微小牛蜱(Rhipicephalus microplus)，8(1.1%)隻為鐮形扇頭蜱(Rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides)，而所有若蜱和幼蜱均鑑定為扇頭蜱屬(Rhipicephalus spp.)。肉牛和乳牛均被發現感染微小牛蜱，而鐮形扇頭蜱只在乳牛身上被發現。統計結果顯示，放牧型態的牧場的牛隻較圈飼型牧場牛隻易受到壁蝨的感染，且放牧型態的牧場管理方式被認為可能是導致台灣一些牧場具有較高壁蝨感染率的危險因子。

關鍵字

牛；鐮形扇頭蜱；微小牛蜱；台灣；壁蝨

並列摘要

This is the first systematic survey of tick infestation of cattle in Taiwan with species identification of these ectoparasites by morphology. Cattle in 6 (40%) of the 15 enrolled farms were infested by ticks, and ticks were collected from 133 (4.5%) cattle among the total of 2,950 cattle. A total of 783 ticks were collected, including 714 (91.2%) adults, 64 (8.2%) nymphs, and 5 (0.6%) larvae. Of the 714 adult ticks, 706 (98.9%) were identified as Rhipicephalus microplus and 8 (1.1%) were Rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides. All nymphs end larvae were identified as Rhipicephalus spp. A. microplus was discovered on both beef and dairy cattle, while A. haemaphysaloides was observed only on dairy cows. Cattle grazed on pastures were more likely to be infested by ticks than those in free stall. Farming method was considered as a risk factor of farms, having higher tick prevalence, in Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

cattle ； Rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides ； Rhipicephalus microplus ； Taiwan ； tick

國際替代計量

Survey of Species of Ticks Infesting Cattle in Taiwan

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