由教育、心理與社會學文獻探討學生的責任發展

The Development of Student Responsibility in Educational, Psychological, and Sociological Literatures

陳盈淳(Yin-Chuen Chen) ； 吳良民(Liang-Min Wu) ； 徐偉庭(Wei-Ting Hsu) ； 魏春娥(Chun-Oh Wei)

《高應科大體育》 14期 (2015/12) Pp. 37-49

摘要

個人與社會責任模式為當前體育課的主流模式之一，本文嘗試由教育學、心理學與社會學三種不同學門的文獻中，找出與學生責任發展有關的論點，期望藉此提供日後學者建構個人與社會責任模式學理基礎之參照。經探究教育學文獻後，發現之論點分別為責任為學校教育的重要目標、培養自主性為責任發展的關鍵、建立關係為責任發展的關鍵、提升勝任知覺為責任發展的關鍵；由從心理學文獻中，可發現責任感是影響行為的重要因子、賦權為責任發展的關鍵、歸屬感為責任發展的關鍵、自我認同為責任發展的關鍵；從社會學文獻中，發現責任的教導是學校教育的重要環節、強調以學生為主體的教育理念、強調融入環境與互動關係觀念的建構。本文最後發現學生的責任發展確實與自主感、關係感與勝任感有關，這與自我決定理論是一致的，由此觀之，未來自我決定理論應可作為未來個人與社會責任模式在發展上之參照。

關鍵字

個人與社會責任模式 ； 體育課 ； 自我決定理論

並列摘要

Teaching personal and social responsibility model is one of the major models in current physical education. This article tried to find out the student responsibility-related viewpoints from educational, psychological, and sociological literatures, whereby the findings would be an important refer of constructing the theories of personal and social responsibility model. After a review of educational literatures, we found that teaching responsibility was a crucial goal in school education. Besides, promoting autonomy, relatedness, and competence were the keys of developing responsibility. After a review of psychological literatures found that responsibility was a crucial factor of behaviors. In addition, empowerment, relatedness, and self-identity were the keys of developing responsibility. After a review of sociological literatures, we found that teaching responsibility was a crucial process in school education. Furthermore, ＂emphasizing the students as the subject in schools＂ and ＂constructing the concept of the integration of environment and interpersonal interaction＂ were also found. Finally, we found that the student responsibility was related to autonomy, relatedness, and competence indeed. Therefore, self-determination theory would be a proper refer of constructing the theories of personal and social responsibility model in future studies.

並列關鍵字

Teaching Personal and Social Responsibility Model ； PhysicalEducation ； Self-Determination Theory