藥癮愛滋受刑人對罹患愛滋病的態度、壓力與需求及相關性探討

The Attitude, Stress, and Needs toward AIDS and Their Correlations among HIV-Positive Drug-Addicted Inmates

武香君(Shiau-Jiun Wu) ； 馮明珠(Ming-Chu Feng) ； 盧柏樑(Po-Liang Lu) ； 陳彥旭(Yen-Hsu Chen)

《高雄護理雜誌》 30卷2期 (2013/08) Pp. 11-25

https://doi.org/10.6692/KJN-2013-30-2-2

摘要

研究目的：為協助藥癮愛滋受刑人克服愛滋病的衝擊，減少回歸社會後疾病傳播，需了解其對愛滋病態度、壓力與相關需求。研究方法：本研究為描述性相關性研究，以愛滋病態度、壓力與需求量表，橫斷性針對台灣某監獄男性愛滋受刑人進行問卷調查。研究結果：在有效問卷125份中，受刑人對愛滋病態度多為負向，前三名排序包括「寧願得其他重病也不要得愛滋」、「愛滋病為丟臉的疾病」、「和別人討論愛滋病是很不好意思的」。最大壓力依序為擔心「家人受排斥」、「病情曝光」、「家人及朋友受感染」。需求主要以愛滋病疾病知識需求為主，依序為需要瞭解「預防伺機性感染的方法」、「檢查項目與治療結果」，「選擇合適的食物及烹煮方式」。對愛滋病態度越負向者壓力越高，而壓力越高者需求也越高。健康狀況越差的藥癮愛滋受刑人，對愛滋病態度越負向、壓力感受亦越高；而家人關係越差者，其需求越低。研究結論：疾病傳染性、社會歧視及健康狀況不佳是導致藥癮愛滋受刑人對愛滋病負向態度的主因，也是壓力來源。其最主要的需要是獲得愛滋病治療及增進免疫力的相關知識。

關鍵字

藥癮愛滋受刑人 ； 愛滋病態度 ； 壓力 ； 需求

並列摘要

Purpose: To help HIV-infected drug-addicted inmates conquer the impact of AIDS and thus to reduce the spread of this transmitted disease when they return to society, it is essential to understand their attitude, stress, and needs toward AIDS. Methods: A descriptive correlational design was conducted and questionnaires on attitude, stress, and needs toward AIDS were used to collect data cross-sectionally from HIV-positive male inmates at a Taiwan prison. Results: Among 125 valid questionnaires, most inmates had negative attitudes toward AIDS, and the first three in descending order were ”I would rather suffer from other serious diseases than AIDS,” ”AIDS is a humiliating disease,” and ”It's embarrassing to discuss AIDS with others.” The major sources of stress in descending order were worrying about ”social exclusion of family members,” ”divulgence of disease,” and ”family and friends being infected.” The primary needs were disease knowledge of AIDS, including, in descending order, ”strategies for preventing opportunistic infections,” ”test items and treatment results,” and ”selecting appropriate foods and cooking methods.” Negative attitude toward AIDS was positively correlated with stress, and stress was positively correlated with needs. The HIV-infected drug-addicted inmates with worse health status tended to have more negative attitude and greater stress, whereas the ones with worse relationship with family members tended to show lower needs. Conclusions: The infectiousness of AIDS, social discrimination, and poor health status are the main causes for negative attitude and stress toward AIDS among HIV-positive drug-addicted inmates. In addition, acquiring knowledge of AIDS-related treatment and immune enhancement are their most desired needs.

並列關鍵字

HIV-positive drug-addicted inmates ； attitude toward AIDS ； stress ； needs