插花的女人：台灣的教育社會學教科用書性別意識之檢視

Additive Women: Examining the Gender Consciousness in the Textbook on Sociology of Education in Taiwan

楊巧玲(Chiao-Ling Yang)

《女學學誌：婦女與性別研究》 17期 (2004/06) Pp. 47-83

https://doi.org/10.6255/JWGS.2004.17.47

摘要

本文旨在以女性主義的觀點，檢視五本晚近在台灣出版的教育社會學大專教科書之性別意識，發現儘管它們的出版年份都遠在女性主義發聲、婦女運動開展之後，甚至在教育領域中也已存有不少女性主義的相關論述，但是女性的教育、性別議題在上述的教科書中或隱而不見、或若隱若現、或勉強出現、或扭曲再現。值得注意的是，「能被看見」並不是女性主義、性別研究的唯一或最高訴求，除了要能被看見，還要省思如何被看見？被誰看見？看見什麼？在扭曲再現的部分中，常見的偏頗現象包括：鞏固性別刻板印象、性別議題的零碎孤立化、以偏狹失衡的方式呈現女性主義的貢獻、譴責或貶抑女性。本文主張教育社會學者應致力於女性主義認識論、方法論的學習與瞭解，不要把性別視為一個控制變項或是將男性等同於全人類，建議重新發現、認識社會學或教育社會學領域中的女性作品，以超越一個父權的過去；承認並學習女性主義者在性別與教育方面的議題之論述與研究，以扭轉以男性知識為中心的現象，並讓更多女性走進大學院校、研究機構，從事著作，由她們做有影響性的決定，增加女性意識提升的可能。女性學者亦莫任憑男性學者將性別議題、女性福祉視為僅供點綴與裝飾的花卉，何況他們往往錯置或扭曲，而要主動去插花，甚至深耕一片土壤，讓美麗的花朵得以綻放，撰寫教科書可以是耕耘的開始。

關鍵字

女性主義 ； 教育社會學 ； 教科書 ； 性別議題 ； 性別意識

並列摘要

This paper is, by drawing on feminist perspectives, to examine the gender consciousness in the five college-level textbooks published recently in the field of sociology of education in Taiwan. Despite that feminisms have been voiced and women’s movements unfolded and that feminist discourse have, at least, existed in the field of education when those books were published, neither women’s education nor gender issues gain sufficient attention in them. They are either totally invisible or somewhat visible or distortedly represented. It merits noting that visibility should not be treated as the only or most important mission for feminisms or gender studies. Expect for being able to be seen, it is also very important to consider what is seen, how and by whom. With respect to distorted representation, the widespread biases include the reproduction of gender stereotypes, the isolation of gender issues, an unbalanced presentation of feminist theories, and the condemnation and devaluation of women. This paper urges that scholars and theorists in the field of sociology of education commit themselves to understanding and recognizing feminist epistemology and methodology and no longer see gender only as a control variable or mistake men for all human beings. Two suggestions are proposed. One is that more women join in higher education and research institutions, conduct research and make influential decisions in order to increase the potential for women’s consciousness raising. The other is that female scholars need to actively plant and boldly blossom and not let male ones treat them as additional or even misrepresent, displace them. Writing textbooks can be a start.

並列關鍵字

feminism ； sociology of education ； textbooks ； gender issues ； gender consciousness

參考文獻

Abraham, J.(1989).Teacher ideology and sex roles in curriculum texts.British Journal of Sociology of Education.10(1),33-51.

Acker, J.(1989).Feminism and Sociological Theory.

Acker, S.(1981).No-woman‘s-land: British sociology of education 1960-1979.Sociological reivew.29(1),77-104.

Acker, S.(1987).Feminist Theory and the Study of Gender and Education.International Review of Education.33(4),419-435.

Apple, M.(1983).Work, gender, and teaching.Teacher‘s College Record.84(3),611-628.