老年癌症病人靈性困擾

癌症是當今老年人重要的健康問題，隨著高齡社會的來臨，老年癌症佔總癌症死亡人數之六成以上。從老人的生命看此階段發展任務，面臨癌症時，容易產生絕望及感受到死亡的威脅，此時靈性觸發老人思考生命意義和價值。此外，老年癌症病人除癌症本身外，常伴隨各種慢性病及治療，帶給病人各種生理、心理社會及靈性上的痛苦與困境。老年癌症病人從診斷至末期，於各階段受到各種不同靈性困擾。病人常因害怕死亡而影響內心的平靜，面對疾病的複雜性及不明確性而產生不確定感，面臨癌症本身及其相關檢查、治療、副作用帶來生理衝擊而產生心靈困擾，及被家人隱瞞病情難達善終之心願。老年人可能因認知障礙、感官功能退化、意識喪失和溝通困難，使其靈性需求經常被忽視。針對靈性不安適的癌症老年病人，護理人員應提供各項護理措施，增進其身體舒適及降低對疾病的不確定感，傾聽並主動關心病人對善終的看法，透過生命詮釋及宗教信仰，協助病人依其意願進行醫療決策達到靈性安適。本文針對老年人罹癌引起的靈性困擾及相關照護探討，期望臨床人員關注老人的靈性需求及提供靈性照護，協助老年病人提昇身、心、靈安適並達成善終。

關鍵字

老人；癌症；靈性困擾；靈性照護

並列摘要

Cancer is an important heath problem for the elderly today. With the advent of an aged society, aged cancer accounts for more than 60% of total cancer deaths. Look at the development task at this stage from the life of the elderly, when the elderly face cancer, they are prone to despair and feel the threat of death. At this time, spirituality triggers the elderly to think about the meaning and value of life. Besides the cancer itself, elderly cancer patients are often accompanied by various chronic diseases and treatments, bringing various physiological, psychosocial and spiritual pains and dilemmas to patients. From the diagnosis to the end stage, elderly cancer patients plagued by a variety of different spiritual distress. Patients often affect their inner peace by fear of death. They feel uncertainty in the face of the complexity and ambiguity of the disease. They confront with psychological and spiritual distress caused by the physical impact of cancer itself and its related examinations, treatments, and side effects. They also have difficulty in reaching the will of good death because of being concealed by their families. The spiritual needs of the elderly are often neglected because of cognitive impairment, sensory function deterioration, loss of consciousness, and communication difficulties. For elderly cancer patients with spiritual distress, nurses should provide various nursing interventions to improve physical comfort, reduce the uncertainty of the disease. Nurses should also listen and actively care about the patient's view on the good death. Through life interpretation and religious beliefs, assist patients to make medical decisions according to their will to achieve spiritual well-being. This article discusses the spiritual distress of elderly patients caused by having cancer and its related care. It is expected that clinical staffs will pay attention to the spiritual needs of the elderly and provide spiritual care to help elderly patients improve their physical, psychological and spiritual well-being as well as achieve good death.

並列關鍵字

elderly ； cancer ； spiritual distress ； spiritual care

參考文獻

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老年癌症病人靈性困擾

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