攀登聖母峰對人體心肺功能的影響

Climbing MT. Everest: The Effects on Cardiovascular Function

李文志(Wen-Jyh Lee) ； 陳重榮(Chorng-Rong Chen) ； 陳俊忠(Jiunn-Jong Chen) ； 梁明本(Min-Ben Liang)

《中華民國航空醫學暨科學期刊》 16卷1期 (2002/06) Pp. 27-32

https://doi.org/10.7011/JAMSRC.200206.0027

摘要

本研究為探討8位聖母峰登山隊隊員（5男3女）在攀登行動前後的血液組成、運動表現、和心肺功能的變化。運動測驗乃採用履帶跑步機和Bruce的漸增負荷流程，並以氧氣分析儀系統記錄有關的生理參數，該測驗告分別在常氧和缺氧環境中實施，並收集血液樣本分析之。
實驗結果顯示攀登後紅血球數目、血紅素、和血比容皆顯著地增加；體重顯著地降低。有關運動能力的表現，則觀察到攀登前後在常氧環境下所測得的最大攝氧量、氧脈、和運動持續時間等皆無顯著的差異；但攀登前後在缺氧環境下所測得的最大攝氧量、氧脈、呼吸頻率。氧換氣當量、和運動持續時間等皆有顯著的差異。
由於血液攜帶氧氣的能力增加、最大攝氧量和氧脈的增加、以及潮氣容積的增加和呼吸頻率的減少，吾們可結論隊員們的換氣效率因而獲得改善。

關鍵字

聖母峰 ； 缺氧 ； 心肺功能

並列摘要

In order to explore the effects of climbing MT. Everest on sports performance, cardiovascular function, and blood, eight subjects of Everest expedition, (live males and three females) were respectively tested twice. One was pre-test operated before climbing and the other was post-test after their successful climbing. All subjects ran on the Bruce Proctocal treadmill under both normoxia air and hypoxia air. The purpose is to analyze the effects of climbing MT. Everest on sports performance, cardiovascular function, and blood. The results as followed:
I. In the respect of hematological testing: There were significant differences between before and after climbing in RBC increased 32% (4.02 to 5.32 mil/cu mm), HCT increased 21% (43.66 to 52.66%), HB increased 17% (12.61 to 14.74 g/dl).
2. in the respect of body weight: There was significant difference between before and after climbing in weight (60.75 to 58.38 kg)
3. In the respect of performance and cardiovascular function:
(1) In normoxia test (FIO2=21%), there were no significant differences between before and after climbing in work time, maximum oxygen uptake, oxygen pulse.
(2) In hypoxia test (FIO2=10%), there were significant differences in work time increased 21% (12.60 to 15.35 nun), maximum oxygen uptake increased 19% (26.86 to 31.94 ml/kg/mm). oxygen pulse increased 15% (10.4 to 12 ml/kg/beat), respiratory rate (54.37 to 48.63), tidal volume (2.19 to 2.43 l/mm), oxygen equivalent (71.36 to 62.23)
According to the results above, we knew that the process of mountain-climbing Everest would not effect sport performance and cardiovascular function under normoxia air. However, under hypoxia air it had significant effect on sport performance and cardiovascular function, especially after climbing. After exploring the causes, we come to three tentative. Firstly, the ability that blood carried O2 increased. Secondly, maximum oxygen uptake and oxygen pulse increased. Thirdly, the increase of tidal volume and decrease of respiratory rate made efficiency of ventilation become better.

並列關鍵字

Everest ； hypoxia ； cardiopulmonary function