航空生理訓練裝備介紹－低壓艙航訓練

Hypobaric chamber training for military aircrews in Taiwan

賴重宇(Chung-Yu Lai) ； 江國超(Kwo-Tsao Chiang)

《中華民國航空醫學暨科學期刊》 28卷2期 (2014/12) Pp. 105-118

https://doi.org/10.7011/JAMSROC.201412_28(2).0003

摘要

隨高度增加，空氣密度及大氣壓力降低，各氣體分壓亦會下降，暴露在高空環境，人體可能會出現缺氧、高空減壓症及其他生理變化。戰鬥機飛行員發生空中缺氧事件的主要原因包括座艙失壓、氧氣調節系統失效、氧氣連接管未接妥、面罩密合度不佳或飛行中移除面罩等。在缺氧發生當下，飛行人員仍能維持一段有效意識時間，如果認識個體的缺氧症狀，就有機會發現缺氧原因並進行修正，免於失事。另國軍高雄總醫院岡山分院航空生理訓練中心建置有低壓艙，目的在透過低壓艙航訓練，讓空勤人員體驗大氣壓力變化對人體的生理影響及學習因應方式，並且認知個人缺氧症狀及教導如何正確使用氧氣設備，以避免飛行中發生缺氧事件，另在缺氧情況下，能在有效意識時間內進行矯正，使人員不至於發生意識喪失情形，產生飛安意外。

關鍵字

缺氧 ； 高空減壓症 ； 有效意識時間 ； 低壓艙訓練 ； 個人缺氧症狀

並列摘要

Pilots in flight could encounter hypoxia, decompression sickness, and other physiological effects of pressure change. Possible causes of in-flight hypoxia included cabin depressurization, oxygen system failure, leakage of oxygen mask, accidental oxygen mask removal in flight, and etc. When hypoxia happened, aircrew would still have a period of time of useful consciousness. By hypobaric chamber training, they will be able to recognize personal hypoxic signature, will know how to use oxygen supply equipment correctly, and will be able to correct the incidence in time. The hypobaric chamber located in Aviation Physiology Research Laboratory had been used for hypobaric chamber training for over 50 years. The design of the chamber and training course will be presented. Hypobaric chamber training is valuable to aircrew as the training provided aircrew the capability to correct errors and prevent from loss of consciousness and flight accidents during in-flight hypoxia events.

並列關鍵字

hypoxia ； decompression sickness ； time of useful consciousness ； hypobaric chamber training ； hypoxia signature