黑人女性在「黑人生活與歷史研習協會」活動之研究，1915－1950

Female Race Historians in the Association for the Study of Negro Life and History, 1915-1950

黃文齡(Wen-Ling Huang)

《成大歷史學報》 46期 (2014/06) Pp. 179-223

摘要

黑人女性在烏德遜推廣黑人歷史運動中並未缺席。他們以業餘史家的身分，透過參與「黑人生活與歷史研習會」的活動，表現亮眼。她們協助推廣黑人史學專業化，也在廣泛收集資料的過程中，不僅將史料跳脫以官方檔案為唯一的侷限，加入許多非官方、非文字的文獻資料，讓黑人史料更具多樣化，也發現與保存了黑人女性的史料，黑人女性的聲音不再隱沒。在「黑人生活與歷史研習會」的活動中，我們也看到黑人社會性別分工的情形，各司其職，各擅所長，為推廣黑人歷史共同努力。除此，烏德遜給予黑人女性業餘史家協助「黑人生活與歷史研習會」的會務工作，鼓勵她們尋求專業上的精進，也讓黑人女性跨越了職業性別的界線，進入男性專屬的公領域。「黑人生活與歷史研習會」、《黑人歷史學報》與〈黑人歷史會刊〉是烏德遜畢生心血的結晶，黑人專業史家與業餘史家都找到發揮的舞台。

關鍵字

黑人生活與歷史研習會 ； 《黑人歷史學報》 ； 《黑人歷史會刊》 ； 黑人女性業餘史家

並列摘要

Carter G. Woodson's Black History Movement played a significant role in promoting gender as well as racial equality. The Association for the Study of Negro Life and History, ＂Journal of Negro History＂, and Negro History Bulletin＂ offered platforms for both professional race historians and female amateur race historians. The activities of the Association for the Study of Negro Life and History reveal a gendered division of the work to promote Black history. Female amateur race historians did a great deal of work in assisting the promotion of the activities of the Association for the Study of Negro Life and History, in the collecting of historical materials, and in writing and editing ＂Journal of Negro History＂ and ＂Negro History Bulletin＂. They also planned the Negro History Week for elementary and high schools, encouraging black students to be proud of their race. Most importantly, those female amateur race historians, through the process of gathering materials, demonstrated that there were other valuable historical records awaiting discovery outside the official archives. This led to the re-discovery and preservation of the voices of black women, who ceased to be invisible to race history. In addition, the platforms and opportunities Woodson provided enabled female amateur race historians to transcend the boundaries of gender in the professionalism of history, to manage the business of the Association for the Study of Negro Life and History, and to pursue professional academic training. In such ways, both male and female race historians found places in the Association for the Study of Negro Life and History.

並列關鍵字

Association for the Study of Negro Life and History ； Journal of Negro History ； Negro History Bulletin ； Female Race Amateur Historia

參考文獻

Goggin, J.(ed.),Boehm, R.(ed.)(1999).Papers of Carter G. Woodson and the Association for the Study of Negro Life and History, 1915-1950.Bethesda, MD:University Publications of America.

Smith, E. M.(ed.),Boehm, R. H.(ed.)(1996).Mary McLeod Bethune Papers: The Bethune Foundation Collection.Bethesda, MD:University Publications of America.

Williams, L. S.(ed.),Boehm, R. H.(ed.)(1993).Records of the National Association of Colored Women's Clubs, 1895-1992.Bethesda, MD:University Publications of America.

“A Method for Studying Negro Contributions to Progress”, Negro History Bulletin, Vol. 2, No. 1, October 1938, pp. 3-6.

“Activities Suggested for Negro History Week”, Negro History Bulletin, Vol. 6, No. 4, January 1943, p.94