羽球專項技術與體能訓練之探討

在羽球比賽中，選手必須要有高體能的身體負荷，才能在比賽中維持靈活的步法，敏捷的移動性及技術的全面性，比賽時選手除了要力求前後左右場的快速移動外，攻擊和防守又需有極快的反應與判斷能力。我國羽球選手的訓練，一般以技術訓練為重點，對專項體能訓練持著輕視的態度，在比賽技術水準與對手差不多時，卻常常輸在體能不足的狀態，國內多數羽球選手，仍然缺乏所謂「專項體能」的科學化訓練。為此，本文欲就羽球的專項體能結構做一文獻探討，瞭解羽球選手具體的專項體能項目為本研究動機之一，然後依各項專項體能，尋求羽球選手專項體能內容並分析其優劣，藉以提供給各級羽球教練及相關人員在訓練實務上之幫助是為本研究目的。結論：從檢視選手對於專項體能的水準，進一步的監控選手身體機能狀態，才能夠合理的配置技術與戰術的訓練課表，這樣訓練才會是合乎科學化的。

關鍵字

羽球；專項體能；科學化

並列摘要

In badminton contests, the contestants should possess high fitness in order to maintain flexible footwork, agile mobility, and comprehensive techniques. In contests, the contestants should not only quickly move around the court but also react and judge extremely fast in terms of attack and defense. Generally, the training of the badminton players in Taiwan is only focused on technical training, and the specific fitness training of the players is usually ignored. Therefore, the players often lose the games due to insufficient fitness a1though their techniques are equivalent to the techniques of their competitors. Most of the badminton players in Taiwan still lack the scientific training of so-called specific fitness. Consequently, the specific fitness structure of badminton was investigated in this paper to understand the specific fitness items of badminton players, which was one of the research motives in this paper. Then, the content of each exclusive specific fitness item of badminton players was discovered and analyzed in order to provide badminton coaches and relevant personnel with practical assistance in training. It was found that techniques and tactics will be reasonably arranged in the training, and the training will be scientific only when the specific fitness of a player is examined, and the physical conditions are further monitored.