運動與飲食控制對女性大學生參與體重控制之影響－計畫行為理論分析

本研究目的主要是探討女性大學生參與體重控制行為所受決策之影響因素及行為模式之預測，如何促進肥胖學生身體健康管理是各大專院校所面臨之重要課題。因應此一課題，體重控制可收減重減脂之立即成效，而為持續落實體重控制，可藉由運動與飲食控制措施予以介入，然大學生參與體重控制之影響效果為何？該影響效果之影響因素為何？迄今尚無客觀之論證。有鑑於此，本研究針對BMI≧24之女學生為研究對象，並區分為實驗組與對照組，其中，針對實驗組30位研究對象進行八週運動與飲食控制介入措施；對照組28位則不給予任何介入措施。研究結果顯示，經介入措施實施後，實驗組受試者之體脂肪率平均減低3.13%之體脂肪率；對照組則無明顯變化。此外，為探討體脂肪率改變之影響因素，乃結合計畫行為理論建構階層迴歸模型予以探討，模型校估結果顯示，外部環境因子（運動與飲食控制介入措施）的影響效果較個人特性（「意向」）為大；而影響大學生參與體重控制「意向」之因素，以知覺行為控制之影響效果最大、態度次之、主觀規範最小。該等研究結果可提供學校相關單位促進學生身體健康管理實務之應用及後續研究之參考。

關鍵字

行為意向；規律運動；體脂肪率

並列摘要

This study aims to examine factors influencing female undergraduates' decision to participate in weight management behavior and the prediction of their behavioral patterns. It has become an important issue for universities and colleges to promote physical health management among obese students. Weight management results in immediate weight loss and fat loss, and exercise and diet control interventions help with sustainable weight management. Nevertheless, there has been an absence of objective evidence to date in terms of the effects of undergraduates' participation in weight management and the factors influencing the effects. Hence, this study Hence, this study used female undergraduates with BMI≧24 as its subjects and divided them into experiment and control groups. The 30 subjects in the experiment group were involved in an eight-week plan consisting of exercise and diet control interventions, while the 28 subjects in the control group were not given any forms of interventions. The results showed that with the interventions, subjects in the experiment group saw their body fat percentage reduced by an average of 3.13%, while the control group saw no noticeable changes in their body fat percentage. Moreover, this study adopted the theory of planned behavior to construct a hierarchical regression model and used it to explore factors influencing changes in body fat percentage. It was showed that the influence of external environmental factors (exercise and diet control interventions) were greater than that of personal characteristics (intentions). Of the factors influencing undergraduates' intention to participate in weight management, perceived behavioral control had the greatest influence, and it was followed by attitude and subjective norm in sequence. The results of this study can serve as a reference for competent authorities in schools to promote physical health management practices among students as well as for future studies.

並列關鍵字

behavioral intention ； structural equation model ； locus of control

參考文獻

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