當代科學博物館的蒐藏功能

Collecting Policies in the Contemporary Museum of science and Technology

鄭惠英

《科技博物》 1卷4期 (1997/07) Pp. 4-15

並列摘要

An ideal museum of science and technology ought to charactetrize both the advantages of traditional science museum and modern science centrum. It has being especially important issue for a traditional science museum to maintain a thoroughly historical accession. Whereas it is one major concern for a science centrum to exhibit ”hand-on” experiments and encourage the audience to think spontaneously during their visit to the museum.
In addition, a contemporary science museum contains several functions, including: to record the progress of a specific science topic in or technology, to illustrate the interaction between people's culture and the development of the scientific technology. A museum offer much more than simply language or literature can do to the viewer. For example, a museum is capable of illustrating the development of a machine by using many types of demonstrations and discussion, including the exhibition of the prototypes and their stories during the process of design, the significance of the development in the industry, and their impact with society, culture, and economic etc.
The collection of various accessions in a science museum is helpful for the dissolution and demonstration of social issues, and is beneficial to the exampling of the interaction among a scientific technology, culture, and the society. Therefore, it is suggested for a contemporary science museum to go with the goals and style of a science centrum.
The goal of a contemporary science museum, no matter in the field of research, exhibition, or education, is to establish a linkage between science and the audience. How is a scientific technology created and developed? How could it be applied? What are the impacts and interaction between people and scientific technology? What is the relationship between scientific technology and the development of a society. Is one special scientific discovery a positive or a negative effect on the society?
The purpose of collecting policies in a contemporary science museum is to ensure the fulfillment of all these requirements mentioned above. In order to activate the progress of a contemporary science museum, several realms come to mind about the collecting policies.
Firstly, it is critical to have experts in charge of the conservation of accession in a museum and the study of collecting and related techniques. Because of the characteristics of a science museum, for example various size and types of collected objects, the protocols for storage, maintenance, and operation of the item should be performed professionally.
Secondly, in addition to the collection of objects with historical significance, it is important to have collecting plans for items which could demonstrate the modern achievements in science and technology. Besides, it is sihnificant as well to monitor the progress of these creation. Of course, it is also critical to consider space, worker, and finance available in a museum, and therefore not to overload what it should be performed. However, cooperation among departments can not be too emphasized. Workers in each department ought to understand their restrictions and obligations with the collection of the museum.
Thirdly, the accession in a science museum ought to contain objects which will illustrate great impacts on the people locally. It is necessary for a collector in museums to take into account about the background and culture of his own people and county. Therefore, the audience can be eye to eye with the workers in museum and interaction between the museum and their visitors could be enhanced. Moreover, it is helpful for the development of modem scientific technology, and will enhance a good coordination among the public, the local government, and the leaders in our nation as well.
Finally, a good collecting policy ought not to neglect the issues related to culture and people. Man discovered phenomenon, scientists developed techniques, and then the eatabolished technology affected the society and culture. Therefore, a thorough record and storage on the progress of a scientific technology will be beneficial to evaluate its impact on people's life. It is the responsibility of a contemporary science museum to cover the opinions in all aspects, so as not to over-emphasize its positive or negative effect on the public. Then people could be proud of their achievements with modern science and technology, and re-consider the potential pitfalls it could bring. A contemporary science museum is an institution for scientific education. One of its responsibility is to correct the scientific concepts of people and to broaden our knowledge through the exhibitions in museum. IT will turn out to help us face the world with wise principles.