博物館館員之組織目標認知現況研究－以國立科學工藝博物館為例

「組織目標」對於博物館，有如「舵」對於船一般的重要，所以明確的「組織目標」不但可以讓館務運作有一致性努力的方向，並能協助將有限的資源做有效的分配。為了解現階段國立科學工藝博物館（以下簡稱科工館）館員對該館「組織目標」的認知程度，本研究以問卷進行調查，以了解該館館員對「組織目標」認知的差異、達成的成效及需加強的方向，同時亦分析該館之「組織目標」認知情形與館員不同的背景變項之差異，進而提出個人淺見，供科工館或對此議題有興趣之人士參考。

關鍵字

博物館；組織目標；認知差異

並列摘要

In order to understand NSTM staffs' perception of goals at the present stage, this research investigates and analyzes the staffs' view points from four aspects: the degree of importance of the major goals (education, exhibitions, leisure, research and collections), the degree of the managing level of the museum considers these goals as important, the accomplished percentage of the main five goals and the degree of the main five goals which needs improvement. The results are stated as follows: Ⅰ. The scores given by the staff on these four goals: ”research”, ”collections”, ”exhibitions”, and ”leisure” are: number one is the degree of importance, the second is the degree of improvement, the third is the degree of the managing level of the museum considers these goals as important and the last one is the per-centage of each goal which has been accomplished. The museum staffs suggest that detailed and executive plans should be made and adjusted according to current social situations and conditions in order to carry on and accomplish the museum goals. Besides, reviews should be conducted from time to time for further improvement. In addition, educational training programs should be held, through general courses, staffs are able to build consensus on the museum's present and future direction. Also, open and free communication ways in the museum, such as museum BBS and forum, should be established in order to allow individual to express and exchange opinions. Thus, the cognition gap among staffs and the museum managing levels can be narrowed down and they Will strive together for the common goals. Ⅱ. ”Research” and ”collection” received the lowest scores in the part of the importance of the degree of each goal, the degree of the managing level of the museum considers these goals as important and the accomplished percentage of each goal. This result shows that staffs and the museum managing levels tend to neglect these two goals. Although, ”Research and Collection Group” was established this year and has been trying to do this task, but since it is only at the beginning stage, the effect is not satisfying. Many staffs are not very familiar with this field. However, the staffs in this specific group should promote themselves by introducing more about what collection they have, what are their goals and visions and what kind of researches they are aiming now...etc., this can definitely reduce the cognition gap. Besides, NSTM can establish short-term, medium-term, and long-term executive goals to allow the staffs' researches and ideas be used practically on promotions of museum's affairs or establish rewarding ways to encourage staffs devoting themselves to researches and heighten researches levels. Ⅲ. The museum staffs think the important degree of ”exhibition” has the widest cognition gap with the degree which this goal is actually been achieved. There are abundant interactive exhibitions in NSTM, but due to the frequent use by the public, they are easily broken. Therefore, how to make the exhibitions strong enough to endure frequent uses without lessening their original designing and educational ideas, it is also one of the tasks for the exhibition goal to achieve. In addition, the museum has weakness toward the exhibition on the theme of new technological knowledge. It needs to reinforce the interactive communications with scientific institutes in order to keep track of new scientific knowledge, so that the museum can be able to convey the new knowledge at the right moment to viewers. In order to promote the exhibitions in museum, it is also necessary to form a special group to evaluate exhibitions. This group is in charge of present exhibitions' evaluation and also developing plans for future exhibitions. It can invite related persons and professional advisers to make short-term, medium-term, and long-term executive plans jointly and conduct investigations from viewers properly in order to improve the exhibitions. Besides, the staffs can also learn from other museums, view and emulate the advantages from them and assimilating these good points to carry out innovations.