博物館建築規劃設計之探討

Discussion for the Architecture Planning of Museums

翁駿德(Chun-Te Weng)

《科技博物》 6卷2期 (2002/03) Pp. 4-19

摘要

十幾年來，全世界博物館都在蓬勃發展，我國最近十年也陸續完成了幾座大型公立博物館的興建，如國立自然科學博物館、國立科學工藝博物館、國立海洋生物博物館及國立台灣史前文化博物館，另國立海洋科技博物館正在興建中。然在目前國內較具規模博物館仍為數不多的情況下，致使國內建築師普遍缺乏大型博物館之規劃設計能力。
博物館就如同醫院般，是非常複雜的建築物。因此如何規劃一座功能良好且具特色的博物館是一門相當大的學問，本文將以國立科學工藝博物館為例，探討其空間規劃在實際使用後所產生的問題。
本文針對博物館建築學理及需具備之功能做探討，並以國立科學工藝博物館為例做較深入之檢討。科工館已完成並啟用，故接下來或許可做的，並不是檢討當初規劃者是否有不夠周延之責任，而是研究目前空間是否可再重新規劃及利用。

關鍵字

博物館建築

並列摘要

Over a decade, museums in the world are under flourishing development. Taiwan has completed the construction of some large-sized national museums one after another in the recent ten years, including National Museum of Natural Science, National Science and Technology Museum, National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium and National Museum of Prehistory. National Museum of Marine Science and Technology is still under construction. However, the architects in Taiwan are generally short of the ability to plan and design large-sized museums due to the lack of large-scale museums in Taiwan at present.
A museum is like a hospital, which is a very complicated structure. Therefore, knowing how to plan a well-functioning museum with distinguishing features is an important branch of knowledge. This study uses National Science and Technology Museum as an example to discuss the actual follow-up problems caused by the space planning.
The grand geometric construction is the highlight of National Science and Technology Museum as well as the 170 meter-long central corridor, which connects every exhibit room. Nevertheless, it loses the interest of space variations and makes viewers feel bored easily. Besides, the four-floor-high exhibition Space is also rare in the museums around the world, but the routes of public and administrative space should not be mixed up because it is a huge fatal failure to museums. A professional museum architect should not allow it to happen.
Perhaps the architects have their specialized concerns about the space planning. However, it is their priority to meet the requirements of museum's particular functions. As a result, the close cooperation among the building planning program (the work before recruiting architects), the architects with the experience of constructing a museum, and the proprietors (with the museum working experiences) is essential to build a museum with fine exterior and functions. The construction of National Science and Technology Museum is now finished and has already started using. What to do next is maybe not to discuss whether the constructor has taken the full responsibility, but To consider if the space can be re-planned and used at this moment.

參考文獻

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