產業文化資產的消逝、形成、與尷尬

文化資產的成立相當不容易，它必須承受各種條件的衝擊與考驗，文化資產能否形成與保存，經濟生活與價值觀居於相當關鍵的角色。近代產業的特徵在於工業化，然而，隨著時代與環境的變化，許多產業也會改變或消失，都使得許多珍貴的產業文化資產快速消失。換句話說，產業技術與市場環境的變革使得產業不斷更新或淘汰，但由此建構出來的相對稀少性則促成了產業文化資產的形成。產業文化資產需要處理其過去（保存科技）、現在（歷史文化詮釋）、未來（文化資產經營），因而需要我們有著新的眼光來看待，其豐富性及對近代化歷程的表徵都值得我們重視。然而，因為產業發展時的技術進步、競爭更新、環境議題、勞資爭議、環境變遷、價值變化等因素而造成產業文化資產在認定、保存、維護、認同、再利用時的「尷尬」，更是需要我們密切以對。掌握了這些產業文化資產的特性，再思考「資產」做為「再生產性」的意思，從而將產業文化資產定位於如何讓我們學習到改善生活的智慧，及如何將原本之生產性事業轉化成文化性事業或文化性生產事業，則將是產業文化資產能否永續經營的關鍵。

關鍵字

產業文化；資產維護；文化資產

並列摘要

The establishment of cultural heritage is not an easy task. It has to confront the impact and tests of a variety of conditions. As well, economic life and values play key roles in the formation and conservation of cultural heritage. The distinct feature of modern properties is industrialization. However, the change of environments and changes over time of industries, also cause such precious properties to rapidly disappear. In other words, changes in industrial techniques and market environments cause a constant renewal and elimination of industries. These kinds of reconstruction, of relative rareness, instigated the formation of industrial cultural heritages. Since industrial cultural heritages are necessary in order to handle the past (preservation techniques), the present (interpretation of historical culture) and the future (management of cultural heritages), they require a new point of view. Their abundance and the symbols of the process of modernization are very worthy of concern. However, industrial developments, factors of technical progress, competition renewal, environmental issues, employment disputes and changing values, have caused embarrassment in the area of industrial culture heritage, in terms of identification, preservation, conservation and reutilization. These are problems we need to face squarely. To control these characteristics of industrial heritages and to rethink them as reproduced assessments, to posit them as the source of wisdom for us to learn life improvements and to convert their original production business to cultural business, would be the keys for an everlasting management of industrial heritages.