從亞洲史觀點看日本文化的形成：日本九州國立博物館設置背景及發展方向

要瞭解一個地區、國家、民族的文化形成，必須理解其與周圍地區交流下所產生的文化影響問題。以比較方法探討其文化中的外來因素、取捨過程、同化程度等，才能以更深廣的視角瞭解該文化。亞洲文明博物館為預定原始館名之日本九州國立博物館，其以此觀念為設置背景，試圖使用國內外歷史資料，以歷史類展示法及實際體驗式參觀法，設法讓參觀者更容易接觸近世以前日本文化中的外來文化因素及源流，以求明確呈現日本文化之形成背景與特色。該館還利用法人化獨立營運之益處，以21世紀新博物館的觀念，與政府、企業、市民、博物館、研究機構、觀光業者等合作，提倡與各地區內外文化聯繫的區域博物館觀念。同時，一反過去以接受文化為主的單向文化交流的特色，現在轉以資料互借、學術交流、觀光事業等活動促進雙向文化交流，也積極提供博物館相關科技，努力維護與保存尚存在於亞洲各地且與日本文化有關的文化資產，並希望成為將來亞洲文明交流據點。為了表達日本文化形成，其整個博物館活動企劃，改變了原本的博物館經營模式，也調整其定位內容。

關鍵字

九州國立博物館

並列摘要

In order to understand the cultural formation in each area, state, or tribe, one has to learn how the surrounding culture had influenced it. With a comparative method, one interprets imported elements, selection procedure, assimilation degree and so on. Then one may understand one's own culture in depth and width. Asian Civilization is the original theme of Kyushu National Museum of Japan (KNM). This conceptual background is the foundation for all exhibits at KNM. It uses Japanese and foreign materials, with the exhibition of history museum method, and the experimentation of actual cultural materials to show its visitors the foreign and original elements in Japan before the 19th century. Also, using the advantage of Independent Administrative Institution rules and the concept of 21st century museum, this museum cooperates with various levels of governments, enterprises, citizens, museums, research institutions, tour industry and so on to express the concept that Kyushu is the center of cultural exchanges among Asian civilizations and various cultural activities. The Kyushu National Museum not only tries to remedy the characteristics of one way cultural import with two ways exchange by means of material loan, academic communication, tourism, and so on. It also supplies museum technical services for restoration and reservation of cultural property related to Japanese culture. These museum management styles change the entire module of museums and the contents of this museum's foundation.