戲劇構思與迷宮書寫－史鐵生八○年代作品中的精神困境與救贖之路

Theatrical Conception and Maze-like Writing Style-The Spiritual Predicament and the Salvational Path in the Works of Shi Tie-Sheng in the 1980s

蘇敏逸(Min-Yi Su)

《中國現代文學》 18期 (2010/12) Pp. 99-122

https://doi.org/10.29980/MCL.201012.0006

摘要

史鐵生（1951-）在1990年寫出著名的經典之作〈我與地壇〉，這篇傑作可以說是史鐵生自二十歲因病殘疾以來，經歷了七○年代末至整個八○年代漫長的思索和寫作道路後，對於小我個人、大我人類的精神困境與救贖之路所得到的結論。回顧史鐵生從七○年代末期到八○年代的創作生涯，可以發現從自我個人到人類全體所面對的生命、精神困境及其救贖之路一直是他最關注的主題。在思索生命問題的過程中，他從個人生命如一場戲劇的觀點出發，逐漸形成俯瞰人類錯綜複雜的命運迷宮的視角，也從個人對殘疾命運的搏鬥中掙脫出來，成為冷靜、客觀地看待人類困境和侷限的「上帝」。本論文透過史鐵生七○年代末期至八○年代的作品，論析其小說創作如何從面對個人的身體殘疾及其精神痛苦中超脫出來，轉而本質性地掌握人性共同的殘缺與侷限，而在這樣的轉變中，他又如何以戲劇的眼光和筆法來看待、描述人間的種種面貌。1985年後，他的作品逐漸從戲劇的視角和構思擴展、融合、轉化為對命運迷宮的書寫，而這樣的書寫形式又對應著他對人生「既認真投入，又超脫得失」的精神追求。

關鍵字

史鐵生 ； 殘疾 ； 迷宮書寫 ； 精神困境 ； 救贖

並列摘要

Shi Tie-Sheng (1951-) wrote his classic work of ”I and the Temple of Earth” in 1990. This masterpiece was his conclusion on the spiritual predicament and salvational path of the insignificant individual and the significant mankind after he went through long term speculation and writing experiences from the end of the 1970s to the entire 1980s, ever since he became handicapped due to an illness when he was twenty years old. Reviewing Shi Tie-Sheng's writing career from the end of the 1970s to the 1980s, one could see that the life and spiritual predicament and his salvational path that an individual as well as the entire mankind had to face has always been the center of his attention. In the process of pondering on life issues, he started from the view of life was like theater and gradually developed into an angle of view that overlooked the complicated maze of life of mankind. He also broke loose from his struggle with the fate of being handicapped and became the ”God” who could calmly and objectively treat the predicament and limitation of mankind. This study discussed and analyzed the works of Shi Tiesheng from the end of the 1970s to the 1980s, in order to see how his novel creation transcended from facing his handicap and his spiritual pain, and turned to inherently grasp the common incompleteness and limitation of human nature. Also, how he treated and described the various aspects of the man's world with a theatrical vision and writing style during this transformation. After 1985, his works gradually expanded, converged, transformed from a theatrical viewpoint and conception into writings on the maze of life, whereas this style of writing also corresponded to his spiritual pursuit of ”earnest devotion while transcending gain and loss” toward life.

並列關鍵字

Shi Tie-Sheng ； handicapped ； maze-like writing style ； spiritual predicament ； salvational

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