先秦至六朝文學「空間意識」的轉化與「抒情自我」的建構

Exploring On the Transformation of ＂Spatial Consciousness＂ and Formation of ＂Lyrical Self＂ from Pre-Qin Periods to Six Dynasties

黃文青(Bung Chen NG)

《臺大東亞文化研究》 3期 (2015/10) Pp. 1-30

https://doi.org/10.6579/NJEAC.2015.3.1

摘要

本文旨在「傷時歎逝」作為六朝文學抒情傳統的時間詮釋脈絡以外，考察「空間意識」作為六朝文學抒情傳統的又一重要詮釋脈絡。本文以空間與自我相互定義的概念出發，分別從人與人之間的空間關係、人與自然之間的空間關係、時間與存有之間的空間關係此三層進路來考察先秦兩漢文哲觀念中的空間意識如何涉入（influence）六朝抒情傳統的範疇，以及六朝文學觀念中如何轉化（transform）其詮釋意義以符合時代文化上的轉向。其論點包括由先秦兩漢「踐形」、「養生」的身體工夫論到六朝「重身貴我」的身體風度；由莊子體現道的「遊觀意識」到六朝創作神思活動中的「遊心寓目」，以及由「時間焦慮」到「空間尋遊」的文學不朽觀等，從而揭示空間意識對六朝文學專主情性說的深刻影響。

關鍵字

六朝文學 ； 空間意識 ； 抒情自我 ； 身體空間 ； 抒情傳統

並列摘要

This discourse aims to explore the transformation of ＂spatial consciousness＂ beyond that of ＂time consciousness＂, as another key means to interpret the lyrical tradition of the Six Dynasties literary construction. This discourse sets off to research the concept of mutual interaction between space and self, using theoretical approaches that emphasize the spatial relationships of mutual interaction, such as ＂among people＂, ＂between people-space＂ and ＂time-being＂, in order to explore how Pre-Qin dynasties literature conceived of space consciousness influenced the Six Dynasties lyrical tradition discourse. Further, it examines how the Six Dynasties literature concept transformed its interpretation to adapt to cultural changes throughout different eras. The profound impact of spatial consciousness on the lyrical self in Six Dynasties literature can be seen within a myriad of ideas such as, the transformation from practicing of selfcultivation( Jiang-xing) and Taoist regimen(Yang-shen) of body-effort in the Pre-Qin period and Han Dynasties. One can also note this impact from the embodied manner of Six Dynasties with its emphasis on the unique value of embodiment and oneself (Zhong-shen Gui-wo) as well as from a view of ＂wandering consciousness,＂ which embodied Tao by Zhuangzi to ＂spiritual wandering and visual aesthetic＂(You-xin Yu-mu) of creative activity in Six Dynasties. Finally its impact can be found in a change from ＂time anxiousness＂ to ＂spatial wandering＂ in the literary immortal view.

並列關鍵字

Six Dynasties Literature ； Lyrical Self ； Spatial Consciousness ； Bodily Thought ； Lyrical Traditional