民國、台灣、共和國－論蔣曉雲「民國素人誌」的移民書寫

新世紀以來，台灣長篇小說發展備受關注。前有論者提出「新歷史」長篇與「後遺民」長篇的書寫現象，是為上個世紀「後殖民」與「後現代」認同競逐的延續；本文指出，蔣曉雲「民國素人誌」的出現，是在「殖民」與「遺民」之外，另一種「移民」角度的「新歷史」書寫。「民國素人誌」由《百年好合》（2011）、《紅柳娃》（2013）與《四季紅》（2016）三卷組成，是取材出生於1912~1949年間的「民國人」故事。本文認為，小說不僅為強調台灣歷史的長篇書寫帶來不同的「民國史觀」，蔣曉雲自身作為眷村之外的外省人經驗，也使小說迥異於其他「外省第二代」作家的「後遺民」書寫。本文分由「上海民國人」、「民國移民與昭和遺民」以及「民國人與共和國」三方面討論，藉此拓展台灣長篇小說研究的新視野。

關鍵字

蔣曉雲；民國素人誌；新歷史；後遺民；長篇小說

並列摘要

The development of novels has been a focus of literary discussions in Taiwan since the beginning of the new century. Previous studies have identified the trends of ＂new historical novels＂ and ＂post-loyalist novels＂ as a continuation of the tension between the post-colonial and post-modern identities at the end of the 20th century. This paper suggests that, in addition to ＂the colonized＂ and ＂the loyalist,＂＂the immigrant,＂ a perspective adopted by Chiang Hsiao-Yun in her trilogy Ordinary People of Republican China,＂ could be another way to look at the Republican people in the new historical writing. The trilogy is a collection of three novels composed between 2011 and 2016: Together after a Hundred Years (2011), Tamarisk Baby (2013), and Red in All Four Seasons (2016). These novels document the lives of women born in the Republic of China from 1912 to 1949, most of whom grew up in Shanghai and moved away after 1949. This paper discusses the idea of ＂Republican China＂ in these novels and analyzes how it is different from the post-loyalist novels written by other second generation mainlander authors. The paper divides the discussions of Republican China into three parts: Shanghai residents in the Republican China, Minguo immigrants and Showa descendants in Taiwan, and the ROC people in the PRC, and argues that Chiang's novels reconstruct the history with the perspective of ＂Republican China＂ and contribute to the diversity of new historical writing.