離散、混雜與在地性：戰後《中華詩（藝）苑》中東南亞漢詩的在地情境

Diaspora, Hybridity, and Locality: The Local Context of Southeastern Chinese Poetry in Chinese Poetry Court after the Chinese Civil War

李知灝(Li Chi-Hau)

《中國現代文學》 36期 (2019/12) Pp. 103-118

摘要

近世由於政經情勢的動盪，華人自中國大陸至東南亞各地拓墾。在1950、60年代台灣發行的詩刊《中華詩（藝）苑》登載來自東南亞各地的漢詩，顯現戰後當地漢詩社群的「離散」心境，及其與在地情境的「混雜」情況。在「離散」的初期，對故鄉的懷想相當強烈。尤其是1949年因國共內戰的政治情勢變化而離開中國大陸的漢詩人，在書寫中反映離鄉的無奈以及對故鄉的懷想，更隱含抗拒共黨政權的意識。當「離散」的情境延續，產生與在地風土、人文情境「混雜」的情況。將自身的離散情境與移居地的景致情景交融，進而針對移居地的人文、政治等在地情境進行書寫。更甚者，藉由漢詩書寫凸顯華人遭到當地政權的排擠、驅逐的傷痛。凡此種種皆可見戰後東南亞漢詩書寫的在地情境，已突破風土書寫的框架。試圖以在地者的角度陳述華人與當地社會的交融、磨合，產生具有在地色彩與現實關懷的書寫，也成為戰後東南亞漢詩的特殊之處。

關鍵字

中華藝苑 ； 漢詩 ； 東南亞華人 ； 離散 ； 在地書寫

並列摘要

Due to political and economic instability, Chinese people have been leaving China and cultivating in various places in Southeast Asia. In the 1950s and 60s, the poetry journal Chinese Poetry Court issued in Taiwan published Chinese poems from various places in Southeast Asia. The poems reflected the post-war diasporic mentality of local Chinese poetry communities and how they were mixed with the local context. At the early period of the diaspora, people's nostalgic feelings for their homeland was strong. Especially for those Chinese poets who left China in 1949 due to the change in political status during the Chinese Civil War, their writing reflected a sense of helplessness for leaving their hometown and their longing for their homeland. The poems also implied consciousness of rejecting the communist regime. When the diaspora situation continued, people started to ＂blend in＂ with local culture. The poets merged their diaspora situation with the scenery of the new land and commented on the humanistic and political situation moving to a new land. Some poets even wrote Chinese poems to foreground the pain of Chinese people being rejected and banished by the local political regime. All the above reveal that the local situation described in Southeast Asia Chinese poetry have exceeded the framework of custom writing. Their attempt to use the perspective of the local people to describe the interaction and adaptation between Chinese people and the local society generated a kind of writing with local color and concern for the reality. This is what is special about post-war Southeast Asian Chinese poetry.

並列關鍵字

Chinese Poetry Court ； Chinese poem ； Southeast Asia Chinese ； Diaspora ； custom writing

參考文獻

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