靈芝及其活性成分對調節免疫系統的作用之文獻回顧

中草藥的現代科學研究與探索方興未艾，靈芝在諸多中草藥中仍然是中內外科學家最有興趣的標的，其藥效、新功能與作用機制依舊年年有突破的文獻報導，靈芝含有的標誌性成分，包括靈芝多醣、靈芝三萜和靈芝甾醇等活性物質在抗腫瘤、抗氧化、抗發炎、抗病毒、抗高血壓、以及免疫調節的作用上表現出色，使其成為了近年來保健品中能歷久不衰的藥食同源產品。然而，相對於靈芝其他的藥物生理功效而言，靈芝的各種成分在免疫調節的研究上也有長足的發展，但卻還未有彙整性的綜述，回顧這近幾十年來的成果，詳盡的交叉論證文獻中靈芝活性物質對人類免疫系統的影響。因此，本文針對靈芝成分對免疫系統的影響，以免疫細胞性質作為分項，整理靈芝活性物質的中英文研究報告研究，發現靈芝的不同成分別對於巨噬細胞、樹突狀細胞、自然殺手細胞、T細胞、B細胞、以及免疫系統的訊息傳遞皆有顯著且正面的影響，部分科學家進一步探討出作用標的和機制，使靈芝增強免疫力的效果得到細胞免疫及細胞生化層級的科學佐證。

關鍵字

靈芝；活性物質；免疫調節；訊息傳遞

並列摘要

Modern scientific research and exploration of Chinese herbal medicines are in the ascendant. Among many Chinese herbal medicines, Ganoderma is still the most interesting target for scientists around the world. Its medicinal effects, new functions and mechanisms of action are still reported in the literature every year. Breakthroughs, the iconic bioactive components of Ganoderma, including Ganoderma polysaccharides, Ganoderma triterpenes and Ganoderma sterols have excellent anti-tumor, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-hypertensive, and immunomodulatory effects, making them a long-lasting health product, with medicine and food characters, in recent years. However, compared with other medicinal and physiological functions of Ganoderma, the various components of Ganoderma have also made great progress in the study of immune regulation, but there is no comprehensive review to address the achievements in recent decades, and detailed cross-argumentation for the effects of Ganoderma bioactive components on the immune system in the literature. Therefore, in this paper, aiming at the effects of Ganoderma components on the immune system, taking the properties of immune cells as a sub-item, this paper organized the research reports on active components of Ganoderma in Chinese and English literature. It was found that different components of Ganoderma have significant and positive effects on macrophages, dendritic cells, natural killer cells, T cells, B cells, and the signal transduction of the immune system. Some scientists have further explored the target and mechanism of action. The immune-enhancing effect of Ganoderma has been scientifically proven at the cellular immunity and cellular biochemical levels.

並列關鍵字

Ganoderma ； bioactive components ； immunity ； immune regulation ； signal transduction pathway

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