原住民學生的學業成績：文獻回顧與評論

國內探討原住民學生學業成績低落問題的研究很多，但尚無文獻進行回顧式探討，以檢討過去，激勵未來。本文以文獻回顧方式，企圖從研究文獻中找出造成原住民學生學業成績低落之因素，並對未來研究做建議。本研究發現與建議：1.文化、社會、財務等資本，無法完全說明原住民學生學業成績低落問題，而加入智力與文化差異兩個因素，能有更深入的瞭解：2.認為原住民學生智力比漢人差，而把原住民成績低落歸因於智力，是不適當的：3.大部分研究對象是台東和花蓮的原住民，未來研究可以探討全國各個原住民族成績之影響機制，並做比較分析：4對原住民成績低落的原因有所釐清後，未來研究應發展出能提升原住民成績的教育措施或補救教學方案。

關鍵字

原住民；學業成績；文獻回顧

並列摘要

There are many domestic researches on problem about aboriginal students' poor academic achievement, however, there's no document adopting literature review to discuss the past effort. This article intends to find out the factors causing the poor academic achievement of aboriginal students from the past researches and to propose suggestions for future researches. The major findings and suggestions are as follows: 1. Cultural, social, financial capitals cannot thoroughly explain the problem about aboriginal students' poor academic achievement; with intelligence and cultural difference added, may get a deeper understanding. 2. It is not suitable to consider that the aboriginal students are less intelligent than the Han students and to ascribe the problem about aboriginal students’ underachievement to intelligence. 3. Most research objects are aboriginal students in Taitung and Hualian, future researches may include all the aboriginal students in Taiwan and to carry out comparative analysis. 4. After clarifing the problem of aboriginal students’ underachievement, future researches should be able to develop remedial teaching programs to improve the aboriginal students' underachievement.