政治與教化－秦漢之際的文化選擇，兼論儒教的形成

Politics and Culture Cultural Choice between Qin and Han Dynasties & the Making of Religious Confucianism

張踐(Jian Zhang)

《人文與社會學報》 2卷5期 (2010/01) Pp. 1-22

摘要

在中國古代君主專制社會中，儒教一直處於社會政治主導地位，對於整個中國文化的發展產生了無與倫比的重要作用。儒教是如何產生的？其內涵如何？儒教是不是宗教？這就是本文所要回答的問題。

並列摘要

The relation between politics and culture has some hints to that of relation between politics and religion in Chinese context. In the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, ancient religion was employed as means of culture. Various thinkers at Spring and Autumn, and Warring States explored different ways in carrying out their respective cultural missions, paving the base for their legitimacy of politics. In Qin Dynasty, the doctrine of Legalist was respected as means to cultural life, and at the incipience of Han Dynasty Wu Wei of Daoism was introduced to political culture. But these means were ill in efficiency as to legitimize political power. Only the doctrine of Confucian Moral Rule based on filial piety can provide valid ideology. So Han Wu Di chose the Confucian doctrine as the paramount one above all others in his politics, leading the birth of religious Confucianism. This religious Confucianism consists of Confucian doctrines inherited from ancient religion rituals and rites for funerals. The cultural choice at the interval of Qin and Han Dynasties constitutes the orientation for ancient Chinese culture.

參考文獻

萊斯利•裏普森(2001)。政治學的重大問題。華夏出版社。

金春峰(1987)。漢代思想史。中國社會科學出版社。