- 期刊
戰後初期在臺日人之遣返
The Sending Back of the Japanese People in Taiwan in the Beginning Years after the World War Ⅱ
摘要
1945年8月，日本戰敗退出臺灣，國民政府隨即來臺進行接收，首先即須面對在臺日人的遣返問題。為妥善處理之，除成立臺灣省日僑管理委員會辦理外，並在美方及日方之協助與配合下，進行相關的遣返作業。同時，「親日派」的陳儀在遣返日人政策上之迅速與嚴厲，均令日人感到愕然，深深感受到敗戰國民的痛苦，況且1945年底以降，臺灣政、經、社情勢之急轉直下，亦令日人喪失生活的安定感，由是要求立即遣返回國。而二二八事件的爆發，更促使國民政府決定儘早遣返日人，以澈底去除日人對臺灣之影響。 本文根據當時的官方報告、政府公報、統計要覽、個人回憶文字，以及報章雜誌等資料，深入觀察國民政府之對臺接收、留遣政策之決策過程、遣返工作之開展，以及二二八事件中在臺日人之遭遇及因應做法等，藉此瞭解在臺日人在時代變局與政權轉換過程中之經歷、遭遇及處境，略觀戰後初期臺灣之政治、經濟、社會情況。
並列摘要
In August 1945, Japan lost the war and had to retreat from Taiwan. The National Government came to Taiwan and took over whatever had been left by Japan. One of the priorities to do was what was the best way to send back to Japan the Japanese people in Taiwan. In order to have this mission well done, an Overseas Japanese Management Committee in Taiwan was founded with the necessary help form the U.S. and Japanese government. At the same time, Yi Chen (陳儀), a Japanese-friendly official in Taiwan, surprised most Japanese by performing the policy in sending back Japanese people in such a quick and strict way. Japanese people began to feel the pain of being a loser in the war. Since 1945, the situations in Taiwan political, economic and social started to deteriorate quickly and caused worry, Japanese people lost security of life and they also requested to be sent back in no time. The National Government, due to the outbreak of the 228 incident, was also determined to send back the Japanese people in order to fully eliminate the Japanese influence in Taiwan. This paper written on the materials taken from official reports, government bulletins, statistics volumes, personal memos, newspapers and magazines carefully observes the following subjects-the taking over of Taiwan by the National Government, the official policy and process of sending back the Japanese and the dilemma and solutions of the Japanese in Taiwan during the 228 incident. It is our hope that we can better understand experience, hardships and situations of the Japanese in Taiwan as the sovereignty changes and the political power transfers, helping us learn more about the political, economic and social conditions in Taiwan in the beginning years after the war.