臺灣戰後初期製鹽會社土地的接收與處理－以高雄縣百甲、下寮塭爲例

The Take-over and the Management of the Land of Salt Manufacturing Company in the Early Period after the War in Taiwan-A Case of Bai-chia and Hsia-liau in Kaohsiung County

何鳳嬌(Feng-Chiao Ho)

《國史館學術集刊》 6期 (2005/09) Pp. 109-144

https://doi.org/10.7058/BAH.200509.0109

摘要

臺灣自明鄭時期即開始製鹽，至日治時期大力擴展工業用鹽的生產，除了利用官有適合開墾鹽田的沿海荒埔開闢鹽田外，也低價強制收買民間既有的魚塭鹽田，大肆擴充工業用鹽的產地。這些製鹽會社所屬土地戰後由國民政府接收。但被低價強買的民間業者認為日本殖民者買價低廉，迫於官勢，才不得不簽字蓋印出賣土地，所以戰後希冀收回鹽田、魚塭經營。其次日資製鹽會社在收購民有鹽田、魚塭時，但書言明他日若不用以製鹽時，要將收買之製鹽土地賣還原所有人；而日治末期因建築資材與人力的困乏，許多收買地並未作為製鹽之用，甚至出租給毫無緣故關係的人養魚收益，戰後國民政府接收後亦延續未予全部開發，所以臺人紛紛向政府陳情歸還鹽田。對於這些陳情，國民政府如何處置，兩者之間的互動如何，這是戰後初期臺灣土地接收與處理的一大問題。
本文試圖藉由高雄縣百甲、下寮魚塭為個案，來探討製鹽會社土地之接收在法令政策上之斷裂與延續性，以瞭解臺灣戰後初期土地的接收與處理問題。

關鍵字

日治時期 ； 臺灣省行政長官公署 ； 鹽田 ； 百甲魚

並列摘要

Since the Zheng Chenggong period of the late Ming, Taiwan had started making salt. In the Japanese colonial period, the manufacturing of salt for industrial purposes was widely encouraged. Not only were government-owned coastal areas developed as proper places for salt manufacturing, but also private fish-ponds and salt fields were purchased at a low price for the production of industrial salt. After World War II, the land belonging to the salt company was taken over by the Nationalist Government. But the private owners of the land wished to take back their own land on the ground that the Japanese had promised to give back their land once they stopped using it to produce salt. However, the Japanese gave some of the land to other people than the original owners at the end of the war and the nationalist government did not do anything to correct the mischief. For all these reasons, the landowners appealed to the Nationalist Government to reclaim their land. The issue became a tough problem to the nationalist government.
This paper tries to explore the case of Bai-chia and Hsia-liau fish-ponds in the Kaohsiung county, analyzing the legal problems related to the take-over and management of the land.

並列關鍵字

the Japanese colonial period ； Taiwan Provincial Administrative Executive Office ； saltpans fileds ； Bai-chia ； Hsia-liau

參考文獻

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