- 期刊
戰後初期臺灣大學留用的日籍師資
The Japanese Teachers That Were Kept for Employment in National Taiwan University, 1945-1949
摘要
師資向為學校推動教學與研究之主力，關係大學的發展方向，厥為學校命脈所在。戰前臺北帝國大學之師資絕大多數均係日本人，結構頗具特殊性。戰後國民政府來臺接收後，首先即需面對棘手的師資問題。除擴大登用臺籍學者、延攬中國大陸學者來臺外，因部分師資一時羅致不易，為免教學工作突告中斷，不得不留用部分日籍教職員，成為最初延續臺灣大學教學與研究工作之主力，深具特殊的時代意義。然而，大學當局這樣的人事安排是否妥善？是否符合校內、外各界的期待？同時，校長在師資任用過程中，扮演何種角色？發揮什麼樣的功能？各學院留用日籍師資之狀況如何？整體師資結構和質量有何變化？而日籍師資於留臺期間有何貢獻？其生活處境如何？留臺意願有無變化？在在均為戰後初期臺灣大學「再出發」過程中必須深入探討之課題。 本文擬在前人研究基礎上，根據臺灣大學校史檔案、政府公報、統計要覽、個人回憶文字，以及報章雜誌等資料，深入觀察1945年以迄於1949年臺灣大學多數留用日籍師資返日期間之接收與整編、師資部署，又以考古人類學研究為例，探討日籍師資之教學與研究成果，以及其生活、工作處境等，藉此瞭解臺灣大學留用日籍師資在時代變局與政權轉換過程中之經歷及處境，略觀臺灣大學學術系譜連續與斷絕之一面。
並列摘要
Teachers are presumably the major force in steering teaching and research at school, the guidance of school development, and the spiritual center of the school. Before World War Ⅱ, the teachers of Taihoku Imperial University were mostly Japanese. After World War Ⅱ whether these teachers should stay or not became a tough question for the Nationalist Government. Although the Nationalist Government tried to invite scholars form mainland China and to employ Taiwanese people as teachers at the university, there were not enough of them to replace all the Japanese teachers within the short time. Under the circumstances, a number of questions emerged: Was it proper to make such replacements? Were the new teachers good enough in the eyes of the students and the people? What was the role of the principal in the new arrangement? How many Japanese teachers were retained? How did the structure and the quality of the faculty change? What contributions did the Japanese teachers make? How did they manage to survive in the new situations? How about their willingness to stay? This paper intends to explore the retention and the re-structure of the Japanese teachers during 1945-1949 on the basis of the documents of National Taiwan University, government bulletins, statistics, personal recounts, and other materials. Besides, we also try to study the Japanese teachers' accomplishments in archeology and anthropology. By studying their life and problems during the transitional period, we can better understand the continuation and the maintenance of the Japanese teachers' teaching and research in general at that university.