The purpose of this study was to identify the sexual problems of patients who received long-term peritoneal dialysis. In this descriptive-correlation study, convenience samples were obtained from two hospital-based dialysis centers in northern Taiwan. We sent out 136 questionnaires; 107 valid questionnaires were returned. SPSS 8.0 was used for data analysis. The results showed that 73%of the subjects engage in sexual activity, 37% had reduced the frequency of sexual activity, and 30% reported decreased sexual satisfaction since beginning peritoneal dialysis therapy. Reduced sexual desire was the major sexual problem reported. Sexual problems were-profoundly influenced by age, sleep arrangement with spouse, serum albumin level1 frequency of sexual activity, satisfaction with sexual activity, and communication with each other. These results can help nurses to manage the sexual health care of their dialysis patients and promote others to conduct future studies.