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【特邀稿】道家之前的莊子

Zhuang-Zi Before Taoism

摘要


本文從宏觀的角度,重新定位莊子。筆者認為在《莊子》一書中的莊子與後世歸類為道家諸子之一的莊子,兩者有很大的出入。從最可代表莊子觀點的〈天下〉篇看來,這位道家之前的莊子雖然受到老子很大的影響,但他一樣繼承了孔子的志業。莊子的哲學受惠於巫教的渾沌神話,但卻由此原始渾沌走出,走入「真渾沌」。這位道家之前的莊子是人文主義的哲人,只是他的人文主義是建立在形氣主體的基礎上,對「道」的一種回應之論述。本文從另一種角度,為「莊子儒門說」作了初步的闡釋。

關鍵字

莊子 渾沌 道家 形氣主體 人文主義

並列摘要


Zhuang-zi was always regarded as an important Taoist philosopher since Han dynasty; he seemed to be the successor of Lao-zi the founder of the Taoism. This article divided the genuine Zhuang-zi from the imagined Taoist master Zhuang-zi. The real Zhuang-zi was the philosopher before the claimed Taoism, he accepted the heritage of Confusions as well as of Lao-zi. If the philosophy of Lao-zi is some kind of cosmic mind, Zhuang-zi would rather be the philosopher of body-chi subject. He played stress on the dynamics of the cosmos, the mutual interaction of subject and world, he reorganized the values of humanism, It would be reasonable to see a proofed humanist rather than as Taoist hermit.

並列關鍵字

Zhuang-zi Chaos Taoism body-chi subject humanism

參考文獻


王夫之(1984)。莊子解。臺北:里仁書局。
王叔岷(1994)。莊子校詮。臺北:中央研究院歷史語言研究所。
張默生(2004)。莊子新釋。臺北:漢京文化出版公司。
郭慶藩編(1980)。莊子集釋。臺北:河洛圖書公司。
黃方勇(2008)。莊學史略。成都:巴蜀書社。

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