論臺靜農舊體詩中的情志、心境轉折與私人寫作：以《白沙草》、《龍坡草》為例

臺靜農是40年代渡海來臺的知識分子，他雖深受五四新文學運動的影響，但也有舊體詩的創作。本文即以其渡海前後的兩部舊體詩集《白沙草》、《龍坡草》為討論對象，透過詩句的詳細解讀與詮釋，探析他此生一路走來的情志追求與心境轉折。從寫作分期來看，他中年所作的《白沙草》，詩風鬱怒深沉，在感時憂國的集體氛圍中，展現一個知識分子在面對家國喪亂時的大我關懷，並在困境中表現出自我人格的期許和個人情志的追求。而他暮年所作的《龍坡草》則有著明顯的心境轉折，對人生、人情有更多的體會與感悟，並逐漸由生命的憂患與感傷中走出，臻至平淡澄和的人生境界。臺靜農寫作舊體詩的初衷是將其定位為「私人寫作」，此一性質使他的詩相當真切地承載了個人的情感、記憶與生命經驗，二集俱是其言志、抒情之作，不僅可讓人窺見其內心世界，從中亦可見出舊體詩在現當代歷史中的某種存續狀態。

關鍵字

臺靜農；舊體詩；情志；抒情；私人寫作

並列摘要

Tai Jing-nong is an intellectual that came to Taiwan from China in the 1940s. Though he was deeply influenced by the new literature movement in the May Fourth Movement, he still wrote some classical-form poems. This article focuses on his two collections of classical-form poems, The Draft of Baisha and The Draft of Longpo, which were written before and after coming to Taiwan, and analyzes his melancholy and the changes of mind state throughout his whole life by close reading and meticulously interpreting these poems. Regarding Tai’s writing phases, the poetic style of The Draft of Baisha, which was written in his middle age, is wrathful and profound. As confronting the difficulties, his writings shows his concern about the country, his expectation on himself and the pursuit of the ideal when he felt suffered by the collective atmosphere of anxiety and worries at the confrontation of the deep crises of the country. The Draft of Longpo, written in Tai’s old age, demonstrates obvious changes of the mind state, and he had more and more mature feelings towards life and human beings. Moreover, Tai gradually walked out of the suffering and sadness, and achieved the calm and peaceful realm of life. Tai Jing-nong’s original intent to write classical-form poems was to do personal writings, which made his poems carry his sentiments, memories and life experiences. These two collections are the writings of expressing his ideals and sentiments, from which the classical-form poems exhibit one’s inner world and the certain consistence of the modern and contemporary history.