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自由與安全-美國的歷史經驗

Liberty and Security: Lessons in U.S. Historical Experiences

摘要


個人自由與國家安全雖然並非相互排斥,但不可否認地在戰時或緊急狀況時,政府會以國家安全為由,限制或剝奪個人在平時所享有、並視為理所當然的公民自由。即使在長期施行民主政治、特別強調尊重人權的美國,基於國家安全的考量而讓個人自由受到妥協或侵犯的情形,亦經常出現在其歷史中。隨著美國社會的多元化,和公民自由意識的提昇,使命是在九一一恐怖攻擊事件後,美國司法單位亦無法以國家安全為由,而為所欲為地限制個人公民自由。

並列摘要


Individual liberty and national security are not mutually exclusive concepts. However, during wartimes or emergencies, with national security as primary concern, government tends to limit or deprive individual civil liberties that have been enjoyed and taken for granted during peace time. Even for a country like the United States that has been an established democracy and which places special emphasis on respecting human rights, cases of compromising and infringing of individual liberties in the name of national security continue to surface in its history. With an evolving pluralistic society and greater consciousness of civil liberties, the law enforcing agencies in the United States, even in the aftermath of the terrorist attack of September 11, can no longer curtail civil liberties at will.

參考文獻


嚴震生(1996)。由美國憲法判例看新聞自由、誹謗、及隱私權的爭議。美歐月刊。11(3),106-124。
嚴震生(1996)。免於無理的拘捕、搜索與扣押:美國憲法第四條修正案之探討。美歐月刊。11(10),73-95。
嚴震生(1996)。美國憲法對『免於自證其罪』的保障:『米蘭達權利』的爭議。美歐月刊。11(6),120-141。
嚴震生(1998)。美國最高法院與宗教自由:「禁止設置條款」與「自由行使條款」的爭議。台北:志一。
Barkan, Elazar(2000).The Guilt of Nations.New York:Norton.

被引用紀錄


姚祖德(2005)。國家電訊安全跨境監聽之法理與執行研究〔碩士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2005.10448

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