立法院監督兩岸協議的機制

Mechanism for Legislative Yuan Oversight in Cross-Strait Agreements

林正義(Cheng-Yi Lin)

《臺灣民主季刊》 6卷1期 (2009/03) Pp. 169-175

https://doi.org/10.6448/TDQ.200903.0169

摘要

江丙坤、陳雲林在第二次會談所簽署的空運、海運、郵政協議，使台海兩岸關係進入大三通的時代。根據《臺灣地區與大陸地區人民關係條例》第95條規定，兩岸「直接通商、通航……前，應經立法院決議」。但是，在這些協議中，規定自簽署後40天生效。由陸委會所進行的一連串民意調查顯示，約有30%台灣民眾對於兩岸關係發展速度過快有所疑慮。由於台灣內部對中國政策有重大分歧，在與北京協商之前，尋求內部共識是處於較弱一方台灣迫切所需要的一環。立法院在兩岸關係也應扮演更大責任，尤其是針對兩岸所達成的重要協議，需要有監督的機制。這將增加台灣談判的籌碼，也可使北京必須考慮台灣立法機構的意見。

關鍵字

立法院 ； 兩岸協議 ； 監督 ； 台灣 ； 中國

並列摘要

The agreements signed during the second round of talks between Straits Exchange Foundation chairman Chiang Pin-kung and Association for Relations across the Taiwan Strait chairman Chen Yun-lin in regard to aviation routes, direct sea transportation links and postal services herald the arrival of the ”three major links” era across the Taiwan Strait. Article 95 of the Statute Governing the Relations Between the Peoples of the Taiwan Area and the Mainland Area (兩岸人民關係條例) stipulates that ”the competent authorities shall request the consent of the Legislative Yuan before permitting direct business transactions or direct sea or air transportation between the Taiwan Area and the Mainland Area.” But the wording of the agreement says that this will take effect 40 days after being signed. A series of recent public opinion polls conducted by Taiwan's Mainland Affairs Council shows 30 percent of respondents worry that cross-strait exchanges are being pushed ahead too quickly. In a society divided over the policies toward China, fostering a domestic consensus before negotiating with the Chinese counterpart is imperative for the weaker party such as Taiwan. In addition, the Legislative Yuan should play a more responsible role in cross-strait relations, particularly regarding its oversight power on any major agreements reached between Taiwan and China. This will enhance Taiwan's bargaining power and force Beijing to take the opinion of Taiwan's legislature into consideration.

並列關鍵字

Legislative Yuan ； cross-strait agreements ； oversight ； Taiwan ； China

參考文獻

釋字第329號，12月24日，司法院大法官網站

俞寬賜(1999)。我國『條約締結法』之擬議。政治科學論叢。10，227-244。

立法院全球資訊網