透過您的圖書館登入
IP:13.58.244.216
  • 期刊
  • OpenAccess

解釋台灣法院改革和檢察改革之差異—一個政治機會結構的觀點

Explaining the Difference between the Court Reform Movement and the Prosecution Reform Movement in Taiwan: A Perspective of Political Opportunity Structure

摘要


在台灣民主化之後,台灣的司法改革的一個主軸就是追求司法獨立。但是同在廣義的司法體系中,法院與檢察體系改革卻有完全不同的進展:法院的改革不僅取得重大的改革成果和進展,而實際的參與改革人士也逐漸在司法體系上,扮演更重要的角色;相反的,檢察體系改革卻等到2006年法院組織法的修法,才有實質的進展。本文目的即在透過社會運動理論來解釋兩改革運動為何會產生如此差異。本文將指出:法院改革和檢察改革中參與者的生命歷程和運動策略與劇碼,兩者幾乎沒有顯著的差別,因此這些變項無法解釋兩種運動的差異。同樣的,兩改革行動所擁有的動員策略與網絡,也沒有多大的差異。相反的,是政治機會結構上的差異,決定了兩種改革運動的差異:對於法院改革而言,面對的是較有改革意識的司法高層菁英,檢察官改革面對的是強硬保守的領導高層。制度化政治系統對於法官改革運動是相對開放,但對檢察官改革則是相對封閉。

並列摘要


A major issue in Taiwanese judicial reform has been the pursuit of judicial independence after democratization. The court reform movement and the prosecution reform movement developed differently even though they were similarly situated in the judicial system. The court reform movement made great progress in the 1990s whereas the prosecution reform movement made little progress until the revision of the Court Organization Law in 2006. This paper examines the factors that resulted in this difference between these reform movements, and argues that the activists' biographical backgrounds, mobilization networks, and collective actions were largely similar. Therefore, these factors do not seem to explain the difference between the two movements' development. However, it is clear that the movements faced different political opportunity structures. The court reform movement had access to a relatively open institutionalized political system and had an alliance with elites within the court system. The prosecution reform movement, while also having access to a relatively open institutionalized political system, had to contend with extremely conservative elites entrenched within the prosecutorial system.

參考文獻


Tsebelis, George(2002).Veto players: how political institutions work.Princeton. N.J.:Princeton University Press.
王文玲、蕭白雪(2007)。為官的品格─陳定南留給我們的未完成事業。台北=Taipei:商周=Business Weekly Publications。
王金壽(2003)。台灣司法獨立的發源地─台中地方法院三○三室。司法改革雜誌。47,8-9。
王金壽(2006)。台灣的司法獨立改革與國民黨侍從主義的崩潰。台灣政治學刊。10(1),103-62。
王金壽(2007)。獨立的司法、不獨立的法官?民主化後的司法獨立與民主監督。台灣社會研究季刊。67,1-38。

延伸閱讀