『臺灣教科用書國民讀本』中「土語讀方」之探討

明治三十一年「台灣公學校令」發布後，台灣初等教育機構「公學校」制度正式實施。因應此制度而編撰的新教科書『臺灣教科用書國民讀本』共有十二卷。該教科書的内容架構分為「本文」、「應用」、「土語讀方」三部分。本論文首先將『臺灣教科用書國民讀本』中的「土語讀方」譯為日文，並加上台語漢字表記之後，針對「土語讀方」的配置，與本文、「應用」的關係、教材内容等進行分析。各課中「土語讀方」的内容未必與該課的本文有關，若是與本文相關的「土語讀方」，其内容可分為本文内容的續文、總結、比較等三類。教材内容方面，以要求台灣兒童遵從日本道徳規範，培養勤勉的國民性格等相關内容最多。又，該書中的台語已不同於以往日語教科書中的對譯文，而具有文化普及與應用練習的功用。另外，本論文擬透過「土語讀方」成立過程的探究，釐清當時的教育者如何看待此新發明的日文假名和發音記號標記台語之提案，以瞭解者時的日語教育。

關鍵字

臺灣教科用書國民讀本；本文；應用；土語讀方

並列摘要

The elementary education system ”Public School” in Taiwan was started since the promulgation of the Regulations for ”Taiwan Public School” in 1898. In consequence of that, the new textbooks (”Kokumin Dokuhon”) which were composed of twelve volumes were compiled for educating pupils in Taiwan. The arrangement of this textbook is divided into text, application and ”Taiwanese reading”. In order to analyze the arrangement of ”Taiwanese reading” the relation to text and application, and the contents of the textbook, the author tried to translate ”Taiwanese reading” into Japanese and inscribe it with Chinese character. The ”Taiwanese reading” which is arranged in each lesson doesn't always relate to the text contents. If the ”Taiwanese reading” related to the text, it can be classified into three types of continuation, conclusion and comparison of text contents. The results also showed that the most part of contents in this textbook is to make the Taiwanese children grow up to be a diligent nationality in accordance with the Japanese moral norm. In addition, ”Taiwanese reading” is different from the translation of the former Japanese textbooks. It plays the role of cultural spread and application practice. Furthermore, through analyzing the formation details of ”Taiwanese reading”, and investigating how the educators think about the Taiwanese with kana and pronunciation inscription, w e would understand the actual condition of Japanese education in that time.